2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) poisoning in Victor Yushchenko: identification and measurement of TCDD metabolites

Sorg, Olivier; Zennegg, Markus; Schmid, Patrick; Fedosyuk, R.; Valikhnovskyi, R.; Gaide, Olivier; Kniazevych, V.; Saurat, Jean‐Hilaire

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60912-0

Cited by 176 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

127

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Over the next 2 class periods, the occupational exposure module, which consisted of lecture slides, audience-response questions, and additional groupsolved cases, was delivered. These additional exposure cases related to organophosphate poisoning, 27 organochlorine poisoning, 28 and pyrethroid poisoning. 29 Additionally, they looked at cases involving coal dust toxicity 30 and carbon monoxide poisoning.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case-Based Toxicology Module on Agricultural- and Mining-Related Occupational Exposures

Brown

2012

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. To develop and assess a toxicology module to teach pharmacy students about farming-and mining-related occupational exposures in the context of an existing toxicology elective course. Design. A teaching unit that included lectures and case studies was developed to address the unique occupational exposures of patients working in agricultural and mining environments. Upon completion of this 4-hour (2 class periods) module, students were expected to recognize the clinical signs and symptoms associated with these occupational exposures and propose acceptable therapeutic plans. Assessment. After completing the module, students scored significantly higher on a patient case involving suicide resulting from pesticide consumption. Seventy-three percent of the students scored higher than 90% on a 33-item multiple-choice examination. Eighty-two percent of students were able to correctly read a product label to determine the type of pesticide involved in an occupational exposure. Conclusion. Pharmacy students who completed a module on occupation exposure demonstrated competence in distinguishing occupational exposures from each other and from exposure to prescription and nonprescription drugs. This module can be used to educate future pharmacists about occupational health issues, some of which may be more prevalent in a rural setting.Keywords: case-based teaching, toxicology, occupational exposure, agriculture, pesticides, mining INTRODUCTIONCase-based teaching fits well with the increased emphasis on evidence-based classroom management encouraged by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) and other accrediting boards. The emphasis that the ACPE has placed on active learning and critical thinking in pharmacy curricula increased with the release of Guidelines 2.0. 1 Thus, pharmacy educators are obliged to investigate active-learning techniques for the classroom, not only in response to the accreditation guidelines, but also because they help students with process skills such as communication, team-building, and problem solving. 2,3 Case studies are a natural way for pharmacy educators to incorporate active learning into a course curriculum as there are myriad patient cases to draw from in the literature. Additionally, case-based teaching effectively increases student engagement, particularly in the health sciences. [4][5][6] This is advantageous as there are multiple studies linking student engagement to learning, as the students feel more personally invested in learning outcomes if they are effectively engaged. [7][8][9] Case-based teaching has found much success in the fields of pharmacy, including in pharmacokinetics, 10 pharmaceutics, 11 medicinal chemistry, 12,13 pharmacology, 14 and toxicology. 15 Outside of pharmacy, faculty members have successfully used case-based teaching in nursing and professional ethics. 16,17 Overall, case-based teaching is prevalent in medical education because it increases professional and clinical competence and fosters critical thinking. 3,16,18 Hiott and colleagu...

show abstract

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case-Based Toxicology Module on Agricultural- and Mining-Related Occupational Exposures

Brown

2012

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…His blood serum level was 108,000 pg g -1 lipid weight, which is 50,000 times the level in general population. Viktor Yuschenko's TCDD levels were monitored using high-resolution mass spectrometry and gas chromatography at the Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland (21). Mr Yuschenko suffered severe health consequences and disfi guration of the face typical for the chloracne (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They mostly appear on the face, but in case of severe poisoning also on shoulders, back, chest, and the abdomen (21).…”

Section: Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioxins and Human Toxicity

Marinković

Pašalić

Ferenčak³

et al. 2010

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The term dioxins usually refers to polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). As 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has the highest toxic potential, the toxic potentials of other PCDDs and PCDFs are defi ned in comparison with it. Human exposure to dioxins can be environmental (background), occupational, or accidental pollution. In the human body, dioxins are in part metabolised and eliminated, and the rest is stored in body fat. People vary in their capacity to eliminate TCDD, but it is also dose-dependent; the elimination rate is much faster at higher than lower levels. The liver microsomal P4501A1 enzyme oxygenates lipophilic chemicals such as dioxins. It is encoded by the CYP1A1 gene. Cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediates their carcinogenic action. It binds to dioxin, translocates to nucleus and together with hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (ARNT) and xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) increases the expression of CYP1A1. Dioxins are classifi ed as known human carcinogens, but they also cause noncancerous effects like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Long-term exposures to dioxins cause disruption of the nervous, immune, reproductive, and endocrine system. Short-term exposure to high levels impairs the liver function and causes chloracne. The most sensitive population to dioxin exposure are the foetuses and infants. A large number of health effects have been documented in the scientifi c literature, and they all place dioxins among the most toxic chemicals known to man.

show abstract

“…More recently, the team led by Saurat introduced a new form of exogenous acne under the term of ‘MADISH’ (metabolizing acquired dioxin-induced skin hamartomas) that describes acneiform lesions related to dioxin exposure [3]. Here, we report 3 well-documented cases of a new severe form of exogenous acne due to the combination of excessive facial friction with cosmetic agents and discuss the role of each factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Inflammatory Acne due to Combined Application of Cosmetic and Facial Rubbing

Sénéschal

Kubica²,

Boursault³

et al. 2012

Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Exogenous acne refers to acneiform lesions due to external factors such as cosmetic agents, exposure to various oils, skin rubbing or friction or chloracne, now better called metabolizing acquired dioxin-induced skin hamartoma (MADISH). Here we report a new form of severe inflammatory exogenous acne due to the association of two factors: facial friction with cosmetic agents. Observations: A 15-, 17- and 19-year-old female presented at the department with severe inflammatory acne. In all cases, the face had been strongly rubbed in a compulsory manner in the previous weeks with cosmetic agents. The disease has not responded to various conventional acne treatments and was well controlled by a combination of oral corticosteroids and low-dose isotretinoin. Conclusion: Because cosmetic face friction as a cosmetic care becomes more and more fashionable, dermatologists should be aware of this severe clinical condition, which can occur in patients without a personal history of acne.

show abstract

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) poisoning in Victor Yushchenko: identification and measurement of TCDD metabolites

Cited by 176 publications

References 32 publications

A Case-Based Toxicology Module on Agricultural- and Mining-Related Occupational Exposures

A Case-Based Toxicology Module on Agricultural- and Mining-Related Occupational Exposures

Dioxins and Human Toxicity

Exogenous Inflammatory Acne due to Combined Application of Cosmetic and Facial Rubbing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About