2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) in a nude rat glioma model: Implications for photodynamic therapy

Non‐thermal cytocidal effect of infrared irradiation on cultured cancer cells using specialized device

“…(1) Photodynamic therapy is based on the accumulation of a photosensitizing agent in tumors and uses wavelengths near 800 nm as a photoactivating wavelength to achieve maximum penetration depth. (2) This wavelength, however, also has high melanin absorption limiting the ability to deliver light to highly pigmented tumors. (3) While wavelengths near 800 nm are the standard activators for PDT, other wavelengths have shown treatment promise.…”

Photo activation of HPPH encapsulated in “Pocket” liposomes triggers multiple drug release and tumor cell killing in mouse breast cancer xenografts

“…Furthermore, HPPH has been shown to generate high yields of singlet oxygen. [33][34][35][36][37] We hypothesized that HPPH (shown in red color, Figure 1) would preferentially partition into the boundary regions ("Pockets") within the lipid bilayer containing DPPC (cyan) and pockets of DC 8,9 PC (brown, Figure 1). Photoactivation of HPPH (that modifies this molecule, indicated by orange) is hypothesized to cause destabilization of pockets (indicated by dark brown circles) resulting in defects in the liposome bilayer.…”

Non-Thermal Effects of Near-Infrared Irradiation on Melanoma

“…Photodynamic therapy is based on the accumulation of a photosensitizing agent in tumors and uses wavelengths near 800 nm as a photoactivating wavelength to achieve maximum penetration depth (Bäumler et al, 1999;Lobel et al, 2001;Orenstein et al, 1999). This wavelength, however, also has high melanin absorption, which limits the ability to deliver light to highly pigmented tumors (Busetti et al, 1998).…”