1H-NMR and Raman studies on perforating trauma-induced cataract formation in a mouse lens

Phase Diagram of Electrostricted H2O at Surfaces of Electrodes at 273–373 K: Electric Critical Point of Water

“…The eye ball was removed immediately after the animals had been sacrificed. The lens was carefully excised in Lock's solution using a posterior approach at ∼25°C and was subjected to 1 H NMR measurements within 2 h 12, 13. Approximately 10 ∼ 15 excised intact lenses were carefully inserted into a glass capillary of 2.3 mm inner diameter with a funnel‐shaped open end.…”

“…Approximately 10 ∼ 15 excised intact lenses were carefully inserted into a glass capillary of 2.3 mm inner diameter with a funnel‐shaped open end. The open end of the glass capillary was sealed with inert plastic paste (polyvinyl chloride; TERUMO Corp., Tokyo, Japan) and then the glass capillary was further inserted into a 5 mm φ coaxial NMR tube, containing a small amount of dimethylsulfoxide‐d 6 (CEA, Cedex, France) for field locking 9, 12–14, 19. After measuring the T 1 and T IS values for intact lenses, they were perforated using a set of fine stainless steel needles, and then the 1 H NMR measurements were immediately repeated on these lenses.…”

“…After measuring the T 1 and T IS values for intact lenses, they were perforated using a set of fine stainless steel needles, and then the 1 H NMR measurements were immediately repeated on these lenses. After 1 H NMR measurements, the dry weights of the lenses were analyzed as described previously 6, 10–13.…”

“…Intermolecular cross‐relaxation times ( T IS ) 1–4 from irradiated protein protons to observed water protons were used to elucidate protein‐water and protein‐protein interactions 1–9 and have been applied to excised tissues 10–14, living tissues 15–18, and cross‐linked copolymer gels 9, 12, 19–22. The physical states of water in excised intact mouse lenses (2‐, 4‐, or 8‐week‐old) and hydrophobic copolymer gels (poly(N‐VP‐ stat ‐MMA/BzMA)s; see Table 1) have been studied using the spin‐lattice relaxation rate (1/ T 1 ) and the intermolecular cross‐relaxation rates (1/ T IS ) from irradiated protein or polymer protons to observed water protons 12, 13. In 1/ T IS vs dry weight (W (%)) plots for hydrophobic copolymer gels, the 1/ T IS values were approximately zero at a W of 21 ∼ 27% and increased steeply above ∼50% 12.…”

Raman Spectroscopy in Ophthalmology: From Experimental Tool to Applications In Vivo

“…Nakamura et al [104] found no significant di#erence in the intensity ratios of several key Raman bands in mouse perforated eyes. Dai et al [105] found water imbibition in the lens nuclear region of galactose induced cataract in a mouse model.…”