1987 Volvo Award in Clinical Sciences: The Perception of Back Pain and the Role of Psychophysical Tests of Lifting Capacity

Jd, Troup; Tk, Foreman; Ce, Baxter; Brown, Dionna

doi:10.1097/00007632-198709000-00003

Cited by 157 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Other investigators have also shown decreased flexibility and back muscle tightness in patients with LBP. 14,52,70,117 Some studies, however, have found no difference in the flexibility of back extensor muscles in athletes with and without LBP, 3,119 which may be due to enhanced general flexibility in the athletic population.…”

Section: Back Extensor Muscle Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Mechanical Factors and Incidence of Low Back Pain

Nourbakhsh¹,

Arab²

2002

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

253

199

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Study Design: A multifactorial cross-sectional nonexperimental design. Objectives: To collectively investigate the association among 17 mechanical factors and occurrence of low back pain (LBP). Background: Several physical characteristics, based on assumptions, clinical findings, and scientific experiments, have been associated with the development of LBP. Controversy exists regarding the degree of association between some of these physical characteristics and LBP. Information regarding the degree of association of each factor to LBP is needed for effective prevention and appropriate treatment strategies. Methods and Measures:A total of 600 subjects participated in this study. Subjects were categorized into 4 groups: asymptomatic men (n = 150, age [mean ± SD] = 43 ± 15 years), asymptomatic women (n = 150, age [mean ± SD] = 43 ± 13 years), men with LBP (n = 150, age [mean ± SD] = 43 ± 14 years), and women with LBP (n = 150, age [mean ± SD] = 43 ± 13 years). Seventeen physical characteristics were measured in each group and the relative association of each characteristic with LBP was assessed. Results: Among all the factors tested, endurance of the back extensor muscles had the highest association with LBP. Other factors such as the length of the back extensor muscles, and the strength of the hip flexor, hip adductor, and abdominal muscles also had a significant association with LBP. Conclusion: It appears that muscle endurance and weakness are associated with LBP and that structural factors such as the size of the lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, leg length discrepancy, and the length of abdominal, hamstring, and iliopsoas muscles are not associated with the occurrence of LBP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2002;32:447-460. Key Words: back extensor endurance, low back pain, lumbar lordosis, muscle length, muscle strength L ow back pain (LBP) is one of the most frequent healthrelated complaints in western societies. 110 Previous studies have indicated that 70% to 80% of the western population have had at least 1 episode of LBP in their lifetime. 110,120 Despite its detrimental association with social and workrelated activities, the exact cause of mechanical LBP has not yet been determined. Several factors, based on assumptions, clinical findings, and scientific experiments, have been associated with the development of LBP. However, with the use of different designs and testing procedures, controversial results have been reported in the literature.

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Section: Back Extensor Muscle Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Mechanical Factors and Incidence of Low Back Pain

Nourbakhsh¹,

Arab²

2002

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

253

199

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This approach is all very challenging for studies in occupational settings, where many episodes are in fact midlife recurrences. Fortunately, a few studies which more clearly separate etiologic (32,83,84) from prognostic (85,86) risk factors have recently been published. Unfortunately little has been published that examined both sorts of risk factors within the same population to show how much a given factor (such as work heaviness or age) might influence both occurrence and prognosis.…”

Section: Need For Appropriate Study Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational back pain -- an unhelpful polemic

Frank¹,

Pulcins²,

Kerr³

et al. 1995

Scand J Work Environ Health

103

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“…More clinically friendly, inexpensive techniques include goniometers [16,[18][19][20][21], inclinometers [17,[22][23][24][25][26][27] and flexicurves [28][29][30][31]. Goniometers and inclinometers are secured or held directly over previously palpated vertebrae, producing a measure that is limited to a single thoracic, lumbar, or sacral region of the spine [16,17,19,22,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study: reliability of the spinal wheel. A novel device to measure spinal postures applied to sitting and standing

et al. 2009

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Postural re-education is an integral part of physiotherapy management in patients with back pain. Although the link between posture and back pain is largely unknown, postural re-education is performed on the premise of optimizing spinal alignment to minimize stresses on the passive structures of the spine, to facilitate optimal muscular support and thus to prevent possible damage and further pain. A reliable and clinically meaningful measurement of spinal postures to monitor such interventions remains challenging. This study evaluated within-day (intra-tester, inter-tester) and between-day (test-retest) reliability of a novel spinal wheel device measuring thoracic and lumbar postures during sitting and standing. 17 healthy volunteers (age 39.5 ± 5.4, BMI 25 ± 9.2; 9 males) were measured three times, by three testers, on two separate occasions (1 week apart). The angular change between C7 and T12 and between T12 and S1 provided thoracic and lumbar curvatures, respectively. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals and typical error were calculated. Excellent reliability was demonstrated with intra-tester ICCs between 0.947 and 0.980 and typical error between 1.7°and 3.7°and intertester ICCs between 0.949 and 0.986 and typical error between 2.0°and 4.7°. Test-retest reliability was high with ICCs 0.719-0.908 and typical error between 4.0°and 7.4°. In conclusion, the spinal wheel demonstrated excellent within-day and high between-day reliability. The device may be used in conjunction with 2D camcorder to provide clinically useful visual evaluation of postures for assessment, intervention monitoring, and feedback during postural re-education.

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1987 Volvo Award in Clinical Sciences: The Perception of Back Pain and the Role of Psychophysical Tests of Lifting Capacity

Cited by 157 publications

References 0 publications

Relationship Between Mechanical Factors and Incidence of Low Back Pain

Relationship Between Mechanical Factors and Incidence of Low Back Pain

Occupational back pain -- an unhelpful polemic

Preliminary study: reliability of the spinal wheel. A novel device to measure spinal postures applied to sitting and standing

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