17 Sexual Development in Trichoderma

Schmoll, Monika; Wang, Ting-Fang

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25844-7_17

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since the discovery of sexual development in T. reesei , the environmental conditions supporting this process as well as gene regulation required for mating to happen are subject of ongoing investigations [ 14 ]. Here we studied gene regulation patterns under conditions of sexual development in strains of different genetic background and compared them to the female sterile isolate QM6a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sexual development is dependent on the presence of a functional pheromone system in fungi [ 11 ] as well as on precisely defined environmental conditions [ 12 , 13 ]. In T. reesei , in contrast to many other fungi, sexual development is initiated upon growth on complex media such as malt extract agar (MEA) or potato dextrose agar (PDA) and occurs preferentially in light [ 14 ]. T. reesei requires one of the two mating type associated pheromone precursor—pheromone receptor pairs ( hpp1 – hpr1 or ppg1 – hpr2 ) to be functional in order to undergo mating successfully [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gene regulation associated with sexual development and female fertility in different isolates of Trichoderma reesei

Dattenböck

Tisch

Schuster

et al. 2018

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundTrichoderma reesei is one of the most frequently used filamentous fungi in industry for production of homologous and heterologous proteins. The ability to use sexual crossing in this fungus was discovered several years ago and opens up new perspectives for industrial strain improvement and investigation of gene regulation.ResultsHere we investigated the female sterile strain QM6a in comparison to the fertile isolate CBS999.97 and backcrossed derivatives of QM6a, which have regained fertility (FF1 and FF2 strains) in both mating types under conditions of sexual development. We found considerable differences in gene regulation between strains with the CBS999.97 genetic background and the QM6a background. Regulation patterns of QM6a largely clustered with the backcrossed FF1 and FF2 strains. Differential regulation between QM6a and FF1/FF2 as well as clustering of QM6a patterns with those of CBS999.97 strains was also observed. Consistent mating type dependent regulation was limited to mating type genes and those involved in pheromone response, but included also nta1 encoding a putative N-terminal amidase previously not associated with development. Comparison of female sterile QM6a with female fertile strains showed differential expression in genes encoding several transcription factors, metabolic genes and genes involved in secondary metabolism.ConclusionsEvaluation of the functions of genes specifically regulated under conditions of sexual development and of genes with highest levels of transcripts under these conditions indicated a relevance of secondary metabolism for sexual development in T. reesei. Among others, the biosynthetic genes of the recently characterized SOR cluster are in this gene group. However, these genes are not essential for sexual development, but rather have a function in protection and defence against competitors during reproduction.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40694-018-0055-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene regulation associated with sexual development and female fertility in different isolates of Trichoderma reesei

Dattenböck

Tisch

Schuster

et al. 2018

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…T. reesei was the first industrially relevant filamentous fungus for which the method of sexual crossing became available. Sexual development is dependent on specific conditions of light, temperature and carbon source in the medium and numerous regulators, including the T. reesei photoreceptors and several signaling compounds [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of plant cell wall degradation by light in Trichoderma

Schmoll

2018

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Trichoderma reesei (syn. Hypocrea jecorina) is the model organism for industrial production of plant cell wall degradating enzymes. The integration of light and nutrient signals for adaptation of enzyme production in T. reesei emerged as an important regulatory mechanism to be tackled for strain improvement. Gene regulation specific for cellulase inducing conditions is different in light and darkness with substantial regulation by photoreceptors. Genes regulated by light are clustered in the genome, with several of the clusters overlapping with CAZyme clusters. Major cellulase transcription factor genes and at least 75% of glycoside hydrolase encoding genes show the potential of light dependent regulation. Accordingly, light dependent protein complex formation occurs within the promoters of cellulases and their regulators. Additionally growth on diverse carbon sources is different between light and darkness and dependent on the presence of photoreceptors in several cases. Thereby, also light intensity plays a regulatory role, with cellulase levels dropping at higher light intensities dependent in the strain background. The heterotrimeric G-protein pathway is the most important nutrient signaling pathway in the connection with light response and triggers posttranscriptional regulation of cellulase expression. All G-protein alpha subunits impact cellulase regulation in a light dependent manner. The downstream cAMP pathway is involved in light dependent regulation as well. Connections between the regulatory pathways are mainly established via the photoreceptor ENV1. The effect of photoreceptors on plant cell wall degradation also occurs in the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. In the currently proposed model, T. reesei senses the presence of plant biomass in its environment by detection of building blocks of cellulose and hemicellulose. Interpretation of the respective signals is subsequently adjusted to the requirements in light and darkness (or on the surface versus within the substrate) by an interconnection of nutrient signaling with light response. This review provides an overview on the importance of light, photoreceptors and related signaling pathways for formation of plant cell wall degrading enzymes in T. reesei. Additionally, the relevance of light dependent gene regulation for industrial fermentations with Trichoderma as well as strategies for exploitation of the observed effects are discussed.

show abstract

“…Light-dependent processes in T. reesei include development, cellulase gene expression (and expression of glycoside hydrolases in general), carbon utilization, and sulfur metabolism (37, 38). Regulation of several of these processes in response to light in T. reesei is achieved by the BLR1, BLR2 and ENV1 photoreceptors, by the heterotrimeric G-protein pathway, by the cAMP pathway, and, presumably, by the sulfur controller LIM1 (6, 10, 13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Light- and Carbon-Specific Transcriptomes Implicates a Class of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Cellulose Sensing

Stappler

Dattenböck

Tisch

et al. 2017

mSphere

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In fungi, most metabolic processes are subject to regulation by light. For Trichoderma reesei, light-dependent regulation of cellulase gene expression is specifically shown. Therefore, we intended to unravel the relationship between regulation of enzymes by the carbon source and regulation of enzymes by light. Our two-dimensional analysis included inducing and repressing carbon sources which we used to compare light-specific regulation to dark-specific regulation and to rule out effects specific for a single carbon source. We found close connections with respect to gene regulation as well as significant differences in dealing with carbon in the environment in light and darkness. Moreover, our analyses showed an intricate regulation mechanism for substrate degradation potentially involving surface sensing and provide a basis for knowledge-based screening for strain improvement.

show abstract

17 Sexual Development in Trichoderma

Cited by 8 publications

References 88 publications

Gene regulation associated with sexual development and female fertility in different isolates of Trichoderma reesei

Gene regulation associated with sexual development and female fertility in different isolates of Trichoderma reesei

Regulation of plant cell wall degradation by light in Trichoderma

Analysis of Light- and Carbon-Specific Transcriptomes Implicates a Class of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Cellulose Sensing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About