16S rDNA PCR for the aetiological diagnosis of culture-negative infective endocarditis

Antón-Vázquez, Vanesa; Dworakowski, Rafał; Cannatà, Antonio; Amin-Youssef, George; Gunning, Margaret; Papachristidis, Alexandros; MacCarthy, Phil; Baghai, Max; Deshpande, Ranjit; Khan, Habib; Byrne, Jonathan; Fife, Amanda

doi:10.1007/s15010-021-01690-x

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This supports the role of molecular testing, which is likely to become an increasingly critical tool in improving outcomes from culture-negative endocarditis and also contribute to an improved understanding of the aetiology 7. Current international guidelines on endocarditis with reference to Dukes criteria do not include molecular testing, although this may change as more evidence in the role of direct molecular identification arises 8 9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

A subacute presentation ofMycoplasma hominisprosthetic valve endocarditis

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycoplasma hominisis a rare but important cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis. It is usually associated with acute progression of symptoms and can be difficult to diagnose as it does not grow in standard culture media. We report a case of an immunocompetent man in his 70s who presented with 14-month subacute decline with shortness of breath and evidence of a splenic infarct. Following a redo aortic valve replacement and diagnosis ofM. hoministhrough 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid PCR, he improved clinically with oral doxycycline therapy. He remained well at follow-up 2 years post-cessation of antibiotics. We present a literature review highlighting the role of PCR testing in the microbiological identification ofM. hominis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

A subacute presentation ofMycoplasma hominisprosthetic valve endocarditis

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 8 In cases which are suspicious for this condition, A. defectiva can be accurately isolated with 16S rRNA sequencing but not all microbiology laboratories currently possess this technology. 13 It is important to note that the development of PR interval prolongation can indicate extension of infection and possibly poor prognosis, though it is unknown if the PR interval prolongation for our patient is acute or reflects a longstanding baseline due to the lack of a prior ECG in this case for comparison. 14 Surgery for IE is indicated in the setting of heart failure, uncontrolled infection, and prevention of septic emboli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Abiotrophia defectiva endocarditis of bicuspid aortic valve: a case report

Fakhra

Javaid

Shafi

et al. 2022

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Patients with a bicuspid aortic valve have increased risk of infective endocarditis, but common organisms are not always the culprit. We describe a case of an otherwise healthy young gentleman with bicuspid aortic valve who experienced Abiotrophia defectiva (A. defectiva) endocarditis. The aim of this case report is to highlight an uncommon cause of endocarditis associated with significant morbidity and mortality in order to improve the care provided by trainees and clinicians. CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of fever, weight loss, myalgia, and night sweats. On transesophageal echocardiography (TOE), he was found to have a bicuspid aortic valve with large vegetation and severe aortic insufficiency. Blood cultures were positive for A. defectiva. The endocarditis was successfully treated with surgical aortic valve replacement and six weeks of antibiotic therapy. DISCUSSION Bicuspid valves are known to have increased susceptibility to endocarditis. The difficulty of isolating A. defectiva typically leads to delayed diagnosis and significant complications. This case is a reminder to have a high degree of suspicion for organisms which are rare and difficult to isolate because prompt recognition and surgical intervention may improve the outcome of care.

show abstract

“…Gram‐negative Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a causative agent of periodontitis and is mostly notable for its association with aggressive forms of the disease, which cause severe tissue loss in a relatively short period of time in young individuals (Casarin et al., 2010 ; Fine et al., 2018 , 2020 ). This microorganism also causes infectious endocarditis (Anton‐Vazquez et al., 2022 ; Chambers et al., 2013 ), autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (Konig et al., 2016 ), and neurodegenerative disorders driven by stimulation and release of proinflammatory cytokines (Hajishengallis & Chavakis, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased sensitivity of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to human serum is mediated by induction of a bacteriophage

Tang-Siegel

Chen

Mintz

2022

Molecular Oral Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a Gram-negative oral pathobiont causing aggressive periodontitis and systemic infections, demonstrates serum resistance. We have identified a dsDNA-tailed bacteriophage, S1249, which was found to convert from this microorganism inducible by human serum into a lytic state to kill the bacterium. This phage demonstrated active transcripts when exposed to human serum: 20% of genes were upregulated more than 10-fold, and 45% of them were upregulated 5-10-fold when the bacterium was grown in the presence of human serum compared to without the presence of human serum. Transcriptional activation when grown in equine serum was less pronounced. This phage demonstrated a tail with inner rigid tubes and an outer contractile sheath, features of Myoviridae spp. Further characterization revealed that the lysogenized integration of the phage in the chromosome of A. actinomycetemcomitans occurred between the genes encoding cold-shock DNAbinding domain-containing protein (csp) and glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (gltX). Both phage DNA integrated lysogeny and nonintegrated pseudolysogeny were identified in the infected bacterium. A newly generated, lysogenized strain using this phage displayed similar attributes, including 63% growth inhibition compared to its isogenic phage-free strain when in the presence of human serum. Our data suggest that bacteriophage S1249 can be induced in the presence of human serum and enters the lytic cycle, which reduces the viability of infected bacteria in vivo.

show abstract

16S rDNA PCR for the aetiological diagnosis of culture-negative infective endocarditis

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

A subacute presentation ofMycoplasma hominisprosthetic valve endocarditis

A subacute presentation ofMycoplasma hominisprosthetic valve endocarditis

Abiotrophia defectiva endocarditis of bicuspid aortic valve: a case report

Increased sensitivity of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to human serum is mediated by induction of a bacteriophage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About