15.1 An 88%-Efficiency Supply Modulator Achieving 1.08μs/V Fast Transition and 100MHz Envelope-Tracking Bandwidth for 5G New Radio RF Power Amplifier

Paek, Ji-Seon; Kim, Dong–Su; Bang, Jeongho; Baek, Jongbeom; Choi, Jung-Joo; Nomiyama, Takahiro; Han, Jae‐Hoon; Choo, Younghwan; Youn, Yong-Sik; Park, Euiyoung; Lee, Sung-Jun; Kim, Ik-Hwan; Lee, Jongwoo; Cho, Thomas Byunghak; Kang, I-Seok

doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662460

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Which leads to undesirably large C 1 and C 2 . One way to solve this problem is adding a buffer stage between the input stage and the output stage [6]. But this method poses new problems in our particular technology:…”

Section: Op-amp Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator with Trellis-Search-Based Switching and 160-MHz Capability

Leng

Abidi

Mundlapudi

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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Envelope tracking is widely used to raise the efficiency of PAs. An envelope tracking supply modulator (ETSM) modulates PA's supply voltage to tracks the RF waveform's envelope, so that the PA will operate in saturation all the time. A hybrid amplifier is commonly used to realize the ETSM, which, in effect, partitions the envelope bandwidth into a low and high subband. An efficient switching buck converter tracks the low band. In parallel with it, an op-amp supplies the current in the high band. In prior arts, the hybrid amplifier is realized with feedback using a hysteresis comparator, whose output actuates the buck converter to respond to the changing envelope; the continuous-time op-amp makes up for the error. But a comparator-driven buck converter produces a slew-rate limited current that always lags the envelope waveform. This forces the op-amp to produce a larger current to correct the error, and the arrangement cannot guarantee that the buck converter switches no often than is absolutely necessary. We replace the hysteresis comparator with a novel trellis-search that, first, finds the optimal sequence to switch the buck converter to minimize the RMS current that the op-amp must deliver; second, to lower the loss from switching the capacitance of FETs, it penalizes a large number of switching events in the buck converter.Meanwhile, with a conventional on-chip hysteresis comparator, we can demonstrate ETSM operation up to 160 MHz modulation bandwidth. This is the widest bandwidth reported so far for any ETSM.ii The dissertation of Weiyu Leng is approved.

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Section: Op-amp Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator with Trellis-Search-Based Switching and 160-MHz Capability

Leng

Abidi

Mundlapudi

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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“…For sub 6‐GHz 5G, approximate bandwidth is around 100 MHz. For this bandwidth and frequency, ET requires 125‐MHz bandwidth 36 . Paek et al discussed a Class‐AB PA with a feedforward fast‐switching (FFFS) buck converter which achieved 88 % .…”

Section: Efficiency Enhancement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this bandwidth and frequency, ET requires 125-MHz bandwidth. 36 Paek et al discussed a Class-AB PA with a feedforward fastswitching (FFFS) buck converter which achieved 88%. A die micrograph of this PA is shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: Envelope Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of efficiency enhancement techniques and linearization techniques for power amplifier

Singh

Malik

2021

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Summary Power amplifier is one of the most important module of transceiver design. Linearity and efficiency are the two main areas of improvement in power amplifier design. Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication is one of the most important application of power amplifier, which require power amplifiers that are extremely linear and efficient. In this paper, review of different efficiency enhancement and linearization techniques has been undertaken. Basic architecture, advantages, and challenges of efficiency enhancement techniques—outphasing, Doherty, and envelope tracking—have been discussed. Linearization techniques—feedback, feedforward, and predistortion—have also been discussed in this paper.

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“…The first 5G NR ETPA was reported in [39]. In [39], the ET modulator consists of two buck-converters and a linear regulator, where the converters and regulator are connected in parallel.…”

Section: Progress Of Envelope Tracking Power Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Envelope Tracking Power Amplifiers for Mobile Handset Systems

Mukai

Okabe

Tanaka

2021

IEICE Trans. Electron.

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The Fifth-Generation new radio (5G NR) services that started in 2020 in Japan use a higher peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of a modulated signal with a maximum bandwidth of up to 100MHz and support multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) systems even in mobile handsets, compared to the Third-Generation (3G) and/or Fourth-Generation (4G) handsets. The 5G NR requires wideband operation for power amplifiers (PAs) used in handsets under a high PAPR signal condition. The 5G NR also requires a number of operating bands for the handsets. These requirements often cause significand degradation of the PA efficiency, consequently. The degradation is due to wideband and/or high PAPR operation as well as additional front-end loss between a PA and an antenna. Thus, the use of an efficiency enhancement technique is indispensable to 5G NR handset PAs. An envelope tracking (ET) is one of the most effective ways to improve the PA efficiency in the handsets. This paper gives recent progress in ET power amplifiers (ETPAs) followed by a brief introduction of ET techniques. The introduction describes a basic operation for an ET modulator that is a key component in the ET techniques and then gives a description of some kinds of ET modulators. In addition, as an example of a 5G NR ETPA, the latest experimental results for a 5G ETPA prototype are demonstrated while comparing overall efficiency of the ET modulator and PA in the ET mode with that in the average power tracking (APT) mode.

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15.1 An 88%-Efficiency Supply Modulator Achieving 1.08μs/V Fast Transition and 100MHz Envelope-Tracking Bandwidth for 5G New Radio RF Power Amplifier

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator with Trellis-Search-Based Switching and 160-MHz Capability

Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator with Trellis-Search-Based Switching and 160-MHz Capability

Review of efficiency enhancement techniques and linearization techniques for power amplifier

Recent Progress in Envelope Tracking Power Amplifiers for Mobile Handset Systems

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