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Conners, C. Keith; Wells, Karen C.; Parker, James D. A.; Sitarenios, Gill; Diamond, John; Powell, John W.

doi:10.1023/a:1022637815797

Cited by 171 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Interested parents first completed a telephone screen to evaluate exclusionary criteria (see below). If eligible, the family was invited to complete the stage 2 diagnostic assessment, which included parent and teacher ratings on the DSM-IV ADHD Rating Scale (Reid et al, 1998) and the Conners’ Rating Scale – Revised Short Form (Conners et al, 1997). Parents also completed the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-E (KSADS-E; Kaufman et al, 1997) with a trained master’s level clinical interviewer to evaluate ADHD and other major psychiatric disorders for each child (i.e., disruptive behavior disorders, major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, specific and social phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post- traumatic stress disorder among others).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex moderates the impact of birth weight on child externalizing psychopathology.

Momany

Kamradt

Ullsperger

et al. 2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Low birth weight (LBW) has consistently been associated with childhood attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and a similar association has been found for childhood externalizing disorders, such as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD), albeit to a lesser degree. Although the association between LBW and these disorders has been robustly replicated, few studies have adequately controlled for confounding variables, such as parental age at birth and prenatal tobacco use, examined the specificity of the risk of LBW for ADHD symptoms, or investigated potential nonlinear (i.e., quadratic) effects of birth weight. Additionally, the extent to which LBW confers risk for these disorders depending on childhood sex has rarely been examined. The current study examined associations between birth weight and ADHD, ODD, and CD symptom dimensions as well as the extent to which such associations are moderated by child sex, while also controlling for confounding variables. Significant interactions between sex and birth weight emerged across all analyses predicting ADHD and externalizing psychopathology, such that associations were stronger in males relative to females. Results remained when controlling for a number of confounds, including parental age, prenatal tobacco use, comorbid psychopathology, as well as other indicators of maternal and child health during the pre- and perinatal period. Both linear and quadratic associations emerged between birth weight and both hyperactivity and CD symptoms, whereas birth weight predicted inattention and ODD symptoms in a linear fashion. Future research should continue to investigate the impact of birth weight on ADHD and externalizing psychopathology, in particular the biological mechanisms underlying this association.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex moderates the impact of birth weight on child externalizing psychopathology.

Momany

Kamradt

Ullsperger

et al. 2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…TD children were excluded for t-scores ≥ 65 on the Conners’ Rating Scale-Revised: Long Version (CPRS-R:L,(Conners et al, 1997)). Participants with ADHD were included if they had a Conners’ Total ADHD score ≥ 65 according to a parent in conjunction with a significant indication of ADHD on a structured clinical interview.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Hartanto

Krafft²,

Iosif³

et al. 2015

Child Neuropsychology

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Hyperactivity is a key symptom and the most observable manifestation of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The over-activity associated with ADHD can cause specific challenges in academic settings, extracurricular activities and social relationships. Cognitive control challenges are also well-established in ADHD. The current study included 44 children between the ages of 10 and 17 diagnosed with ADHD or who were typically developing (TD), all of whom had no psychiatric co-morbidity or significant learning disorders. Participants wore an actometer on their ankle while performing a flanker paradigm in order to objectively measure their rates of activity in association with cognitive control. Analyses assessed the relationship between frequency and intensity of activity to task accuracy on trial by trial basis. A significant interaction effect between group and performance revealed that more intense movement was associated with better performance in the ADHD, but not TD group. The ADHD group demonstrated more intense activity than the TD group during correct (but not error) trials. Within-group, children with ADHD generated higher intensity movements in their correct trials compared to their error trials, whereas the TD group did not demonstrate any within-group differences. These findings suggest that excessive motoric activity associated with clinically significant ADHD symptoms may reflect compensatory efforts to modulate attention and alertness. Future research should systematically explore the relationship between motion in ADHD and how it might be used to improve cognitive performance.

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“…The short form of the Conners-Wells Self-Report Scale (CASS-S; α= 0.90) (27) was used to assess attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms. This 27-item scale asks participants to rate items (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between fractional anisotropy and problematic alcohol use in juvenile justice-involved adolescents

Thayer

Callahan

Weiland

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Background Studies have shown associations between heavy alcohol use and white matter alterations in adolescence. Youth involved with the juvenile justice system engage in high levels of risk behavior generally and alcohol use in particular as compared to their non-justice-involved peers. Objectives This study explored white matter integrity among justice-involved adolescents. Analyses examined fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) between adolescents with low and high levels of problematic alcohol use as assessed by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Methods Participants (N = 125; 80% male; 14–18 years) completed measures assessing psychological status and substance use followed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). DTI data for low (n = 51) and high AUDIT (n = 74) adolescents were subjected to cluster-based group comparisons on skeletonized FA and MD data. Results Whole-brain analyses revealed significantly lower FA in clusters in the right and left posterior corona radiata (PCR) and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in the high AUDIT group, as well as one cluster in the right anterior corona radiata that showed higher FA in the high AUDIT group. No differences in MD were identified. Exploratory analyses correlated cluster FA with measures of additional risk factors. FA in the right SLF and left PCR was negatively associated with impulsivity. Conclusion Justice-involved adolescents with alcohol use problems generally showed poorer FA than their low problematic alcohol use peers. Future research should aim to better understand the nature of the relationship between white matter development and alcohol use specifically as well as risk behavior more generally.

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Untitled

Cited by 171 publications

References 18 publications

Sex moderates the impact of birth weight on child externalizing psychopathology.

Sex moderates the impact of birth weight on child externalizing psychopathology.

A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Associations between fractional anisotropy and problematic alcohol use in juvenile justice-involved adolescents

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