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Revisiting two dogmas of conservation science

“…However, if animals have intrinsic value, they are of moral concern, and conservationists must consider an individual's welfare (e.g., health, freedom from gratuitous pain, capacity to engage in routine life). What constitutes animal welfare (Heeger & Brom, 2001) and determining the appropriate use of the term and to whom it applies is beyond the scope of this paper. However, the stance Soulé (1985) takes on the intrinsic value of animals is implied: if conservationists need not be concerned with their welfare, it follows that individual animals have no intrinsic value.…”

The Trade-Off Between Chicken Welfare and Public Health Risks in Poultry Husbandry: Significance of Moral Convictions

“…The functional value of chickens refers to their usefulness for humans, namely producing meat and eggs. A reason to attribute to chickens intrinsic value is acknowledging them as sentient beings who are able to experience pain, pleasure and boredom (Heeger and Brom 2001;Warren 1997). Balancing the interests and values related to humans against those related to chickens is influenced by the value of chickens and how their value is related to human value, i.e.…”

“…Sentience may be a reason to attribute to these animals intrinsic value (Heeger and Brom 2001). Respect for the interests of animals may imply respect for the animal living its life according to its nature or telos (Rollin 1981).…”