12HPW/meso-SiO2 nanocomposite CSPEEK membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Song, Ju‐Myung; Woo, Hyun-Su; Sohn, Joon-Yong; Shin, Junhwa

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2016.01.035

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The water uptake ratio, swelling ratio, and change in length of all membranes in the temperature range of 40–80 °C rise in percentage. Under all of these circumstances, the dimensional stability is affirmed in the overall polymer matrix because nanoparticles ensure the polymer chain rigidity …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under all of these circumstances, the dimensional stability is affirmed in the overall polymer matrix because nanoparticles ensure the polymer chain rigidity. 52 The quantity of the functional sulfonic acid groups and water uptake are major parameters that influence the proton transferability of the polymer membrane. This correlates the amount of available protons hopping from one site of the hydrophilic domain to another site.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La₂Zr₂O₇ Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Mariappan

Liu

Cao

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membrane has substantial property only with unification of acid-polymer and nanoparticles. The high stability of acid-based sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluorideco-hexafluoropropylene) polymer is tailored with the SPEEK membrane to fine-tune the membrane stability, causing depletion in ionic conductivity. Various quantities of lanthanum zirconate (La 2 Zr 2 O 7 ) (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt %) nanoparticles were impregnated into the blend membrane to elevate the ionic conductivity with enriched stability. The effects of more hydrophilic domains facilitate the proton hopping mechanism. The distinct properties of the prepared membrane are examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), NMR, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile tests, water uptake, etc. The homogeneous appearances of the membrane morphology are exposed. The thermal and mechanical stability of the nanocomposite membranes is validated by a tensile test, and obtained results are better than those of the pure SPEEK membrane. The maximum proton conductivity of the SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La 2 Zr 2 O 7 (6 wt %) membrane is 1.53 × 10 −2 S cm −1 . The voltage−current measurement of the membrane is obtained in the single cell type at 80 °C under relative humidity (RH) 75% with the H 2 /O 2 gas flow. The maximum current density and power density obtained are 78 mA cm −2 and 335 mW cm −2 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La₂Zr₂O₇ Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Mariappan

Liu

Cao

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of PBI, SPNPP, and cCM-mPBI/SPNPP were tested by a Nicolet 5700 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. 1 H NMR spectra of PBI and 31 P NMR spectra of SPNPP were performed on a Bruker Advance III 400 NMR spectrometer (using DMSO-d 6 as the solvent). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was conducted on a Bruker D8 Advance with Cu Kα radiation across a 2θ range of 2−60°to analyze the crystalline structure.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Cm-mpbimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Nevertheless, it is still a significant challenge to maintain a balance between high proton-conducting ability and desirable mechanical integrity, which notably affects the performance and durability of fuel cells. 6 The durability deterioration of the fuel cell resulting from PA leaching out from the membrane causes concerns about the application of PA-doped PBI membranes. 7 Acidic polymers are used to solve the leaching out of acid at high RH through blending with basic PBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonated Polyphosphazene-Blended Self-Cross-Linked Polybenzimidazole-Based High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes: High Efficiency in Proton Transport at Low Humidity

Cui

Sun

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Polybenzimidazole (PBI) and polyphosphazene derivatives show favorable thermal stability in proton exchange membrane applications. Selfcovalent cross-linked chloromethylated polybenzimidazole (cCM-mPBI) is blended with sulfonated polynaphthoxyphosphazene (SPNPP) at varying weight ratios for preparation of high-temperature proton exchange membranes. The structure and properties are studied using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Results indicate that the self-covalent cross-linking structure improves the mechanical properties of the composite membranes and facilitates formation of a greater level of ionic and hydrogen bonds. The high content of sulfonic acid groups of SPNPP, good compatibility with CM-mPBI, more alkaline sites exposed by self-cross-linking, the exemption of nonconductive cross-linking agents, and a more compact hydrogen bond network have a synergistic effect on making the composite membrane exhibit good proton conductivity. The proton conductivity at an SPNPP doping level of 40 wt % is 0.152 S cm −1 at 170 °C and 100% relative humidity (RH). More importantly, the cCM-mPBI/SPNPP (40%) membrane also shows high proton transport efficiency at lower RH values of 50 and 0% with proton conductivities of 0.075 and 0.042 S cm −1 , respectively. The results show that cCM-mPBI/SPNPP is a promising material to be applied as a high-temperature proton exchange membrane.

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“…Their study shows that phosphorylated silica nanotubes have provided an easier way for proton conduction and increase fuel cell performance. Song et al 69 showed that at temperatures of 120 C and 30% RH, 12-phosphotungstic acid (PWA)/silica mesoporous produce higher conductivity than pure SPEEK. They state that PWA/meso-silica nanoparticles can help develop ion cluster channels at low RH and high temperatures.…”

Section: Silica Additives In Speekmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of alternative polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell application based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)

2021

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A proton exchange membrane (PEM) is a crucial component in a fuel cell application as a proton carrier and separator for the anode and cathode. Sulfonated poly(ether ketone ether) (SPEEK) has been recognized as one of the promising alternatives PEM in fuel cell application due to the advantagious properties of SPEEK, including the high thermal stability, proton conductivity, mechanical strength, low fuel crossover, and easy to operate. The proton conductivity properties of SPEEK are influenced by the degree of sulfonation (DS). In practical, high DS of SPEEK-based membrane will produce high proton conductivity and a high density of sulfonic acid functional groups grafted into the polymer backbone. However, the excessive production of DS will have side effects on the stability of membrane dimensional and chemical properties.Meanwhile, the low DS of SPEEK has reduced the ability to diffuse the proton within the polymeric matrix. Therefore, getting the optimal DS SPEEK is very important to fabricate the alternative of PEM. But this process is hard. Thus, the researchers have modified the SPEEK membrane with various types of nanoparticles as a filler. This is one of the promising efforts to improve the SPEEK membrane properties and fuel cell application performance. This review aimed to discuss eight conductive materials such as silica, clay, metal oxide, heteropolyacids, carbon, graphene, metal organic framework, and zeolite used as fillers to develop the PEM component based on SPEEK for fuel cell applications. This review also comprehensively discusses the characterization of SPEEK-based membrane modification, including mechanical properties, water intake, proton conductivity, thermal properties, fuel permeability, crystal and structural analysis, chemical oxidation stability, and single-cell performance. Thus, this article can serve as a reference for researchers to planning the best strategies to optimize the properties and performance of the SPEEKbased membrane for fuel cell application.

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12HPW/meso-SiO2 nanocomposite CSPEEK membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La₂Zr₂O₇ Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La₂Zr₂O₇ Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Sulfonated Polyphosphazene-Blended Self-Cross-Linked Polybenzimidazole-Based High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes: High Efficiency in Proton Transport at Low Humidity

A review of alternative polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell application based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)

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12HPW/meso-SiO2 nanocomposite CSPEEK membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La2Zr2O7 Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La2Zr2O7 Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Sulfonated Polyphosphazene-Blended Self-Cross-Linked Polybenzimidazole-Based High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes: High Efficiency in Proton Transport at Low Humidity

A review of alternative polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell application based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)

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Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La₂Zr₂O₇ Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Tailoring SPEEK/SPVdF-co-HFP/La₂Zr₂O₇ Ternary Composite Membrane for Cation Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells