12.1 An FPGA-Accelerated Fully Nonvolatile Microcontroller Unit for Sensor-Node Applications in 40nm CMOS/MTJ-Hybrid Technology Achieving 47.14μW Operation at 200MHz

Natsui, Masanori; Suzuki, Daisuke; Tamakoshi, Akira; Watanabe, Takahito; Honjo, H.; Koike, Hideaki; Nasuno, T.; Ma, Yi; Tanigawa, T.; Noguchi, Y.; Yasuhira, M.; Sato, Hideo; Ikeda, Shoji; Ohno, Hideo; Endoh, Tetsuo; Hanyu, Takahiro

doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662431

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The basic elements for any IoT device are a sensor and a microcontroller unit (MCU), which allows power to initiate the process. However, there are various types of sensors with different power requirements as shown in Table 1 [16] and MCUs with different operating frequencies and power consumptions, highlighted in Table 2 [17]. Therefore, it is pointless to make general thresholds for power consumptions in any IoT components due to their dynamic operation and different states, which are continuously changing depending upon the system design and purpose of the application.…”

Section: Internet Of Things (Iot) Power Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Analysis of Energy Harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT): Characterization of a Thermal Energy Harvesting Circuit for IoT based Applications with LTC3108

Afghan

Husi

2019

Energies

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This paper presents a simulation-based study for characterizing and analyzing the performance of a commercially available thermoelectric cooler (TEC) as a generator for harvesting heat energy along with a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) power management integrated circuit (PMIC); LTC3108. In this model, the transformation of heat was considered in terms of an electrical circuit simulation perspective, where temperature experienced by TEC on both cold and hot sides was incorporated with voltage supply as Vth and Vtc in the circuit. When it comes to modeling a system in a simulation program with an integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) like environment, the selection of thermoelectric generator (TEG) and extraction methods are not straightforward as well as the lack of information from manufacturer’s datasheets can limit the grip over the analysis parameters of the module. Therefore, it is mandatory to create a prototype before implementing it over a physical system for energy harvesting circuit (EHC) optimization. The major goal was to establish the basis for devising the thermal energy scavenging based Internet of Things (IoT) system with two configurations of voltage settings for the same TEG model. This study measured the data in terms of current, voltage, series of resistive loads and various temperature gradients for generating the required power. These generated power levels from EHC prototype were able to sustain the available IoT component’s power requirement, hence it could be considered for the implementation of IoT based applications.

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Section: Internet Of Things (Iot) Power Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Analysis of Energy Harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT): Characterization of a Thermal Energy Harvesting Circuit for IoT based Applications with LTC3108

Afghan

Husi

2019

Energies

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“…One critical issue in these hybrid CMOS/MTJ logic circuits is to correctly sense the information stored in the MTJ [19][20][21][22][23]. So far, various DSAs have been proposed, in which two MTJs with opposite resistance states are employed to represent one bit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reliability-Enhanced Differential Sensing Amplifier for Hybrid CMOS/MTJ Logic Circuits

Wang

Yang²,

Han³

et al. 2023

Electronics

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Recently, hybrid logic circuits based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have been widely investigated to realize zero standby power. However, such hybrid CMOS/MTJ logic circuits suffer from a severe sensing reliability due to the limited tunnel magnetoresistance ratio (TMR ≤ 150%) of the MTJ and the large process variation in the deep sub-micrometer technology node. In this paper, a novel differential sensing amplifier (DSA) is proposed, in which two PMOS transistors are added to connect the discharging branches and evaluation branches. Owing to the positive feedback realized by these two added PMOS transistors, it can achieve a large sensing margin. By using an industrial CMOS 40 nm design kit and a physics-based MTJ compact model, hybrid CMOS/MTJ simulations have been performed to demonstrate its functionality and evaluate its performance. Simulation results show that it can achieve a smaller sensing error rate of 9% in comparison with the previously proposed DSAs with a TMR ratio of 100% and process variation of 10%, while maintaining almost the same sensing delay of 74.5 ps and sensing energy of 1.92 fJ/bit.

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“…One critical issue in these hybrid CMOS/MTJ logic circuits is to correctly sense the information stored in the MTJ [11][12][13][14]. So far, various differential sensing amplifiers (DSAs) have been proposed, in which two MTJs with opposite resistance state are employed to represent one bit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reliability-Enhanced Differential Sensing Amplifier for Hybrid CMOS/MTJ Logic Circuits

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Recently, hybrid logic circuits based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have been widely investigated to realize zero standby power. However, such hybrid CMOS/MTJ logic circuits suffer from a severe sensing reliability due to the limited tunnel magnetoresistance ratio (TMR≤150%) of the MTJ and the large process variation in the deep sub-micrometer technology node. In this paper, a novel differential sensing amplifier (DSA) is proposed, in which two PMOS transistors are added to connect the discharging branches and evaluation branches. Owing to the positive feedback realized by these two added PMOS transistors, it can achieve a large sensing margin. By using an industrial CMOS 40 nm design kit and a physics-based MTJ compact model, hybrid CMOS/MTJ simulations have been performed to demonstrate its functionality and evaluate its performance. Simulation results show that it can achieve a smaller sensing error rate of 9% in comparison with the previously proposed DSAs with the TMR ratio of 100% and process variation of 10%, while maintaining almost the same sensing delay of 74.5 ps and sensing energy of 1.92 fJ/bit.

show abstract

12.1 An FPGA-Accelerated Fully Nonvolatile Microcontroller Unit for Sensor-Node Applications in 40nm CMOS/MTJ-Hybrid Technology Achieving 47.14μW Operation at 200MHz

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Modelling and Analysis of Energy Harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT): Characterization of a Thermal Energy Harvesting Circuit for IoT based Applications with LTC3108

Modelling and Analysis of Energy Harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT): Characterization of a Thermal Energy Harvesting Circuit for IoT based Applications with LTC3108

A Reliability-Enhanced Differential Sensing Amplifier for Hybrid CMOS/MTJ Logic Circuits

A Reliability-Enhanced Differential Sensing Amplifier for Hybrid CMOS/MTJ Logic Circuits

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