Fracture of the temporal bone in patients with traumatic brain injury

Abstract

Introduction:The fractures in the temporal bone are lesions that are observed in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The computed tomography of high-resolution (CT) allows evaluating the fracture and the complications. Objective: Evaluate patients with TBI and temporal bone fracture. Way of study: Retrospective study. Method: Were evaluated 28 patients interned by TBI with clinical evidence and/or radiologic from temporal bone fractures. Results: The age ranged from 3 to 75 years. The most affected side was the right side 50% (n=14), left side 36% (n=10) and both sides 14% (n=4). The etiology of the trauma was the falling 25% (n=7), accidents with motorcycles and bicycles 21% (n=6), physical aggression 14% (n=4), running over 11% (n=3), fall of object 4% (n=1) and other causes 25% (n=7). The clinical signs were: Otorrhagia 78%, otalgia 11% (n=3), otorrhea 7% (n=2), facial paralysis 7% (n=2) and hearing loss 7% (n=2). The otoscopic findings: otorrhagia 57% (n=16), laceration of external auditory canal 36% (n=10), hemotympanum 11% (n=3), normal 7% (n=2) and Battle signal 7% (n=2). The findings for CT of skull were: with no alterations 54% (n=15) and temporal fracture 7% (n=2) and the CT of temporal bones were: line of fracture 71% (n=20), opacification of the mastoid 25% (n=7), glenoid cavity air 14% (n=1), dislocation of the ossicular chain 7% (n=2) and veiling of the middle ear 4% (n=1). Conclusion: Patients with TBI must be submitted to the otorhinolaryngological evaluation and imaging, for the early diagnosis of the complications and treatment. Keywords: temporal bone, fracture in the base of skull, computed tomography by X-ray.

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“…In post-test, which dealt with the relationship between traffic accident and sequels in the hearing, there was significant increase in the number of hits. Polls show that three frequent causes of accidents that cause fracture of the temporal bone, causing hearing loss, are accidents with vehicles and motorcycles, falls and external violence [25]. Traffic accidents are important for public health, as well as frequent strikes the young population group preventable through educational programs, preventive, informational and normative [26].…”