Oxidative stress: therapeutic approaches for cervical cancer treatment

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the generation and elimination of oxidant species. This condition may result in DNA, RNA and protein damage, leading to the accumulation of genetic alterations that can favor malignant transformation. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus types is associated with inflammatory responses and reactive oxygen species production. In this context, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and high-risk human papillomavirus can act in a synergistic manner. To counteract the harmful effects of oxidant species, protective molecules, known as antioxidant defenses, are produced by cells to maintain redox homeostasis. In recent years, the use of natural antioxidants as therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment has attracted the attention of the scientific community. This review discusses specific molecules and mechanisms that can act against or together with oxidative stress, presenting alternatives for cervical cancer prevention and treatment.

Role of NADPH oxidase and its therapeutic intervention in TGF-β-mediated EMT progression: an in vitro analysis on HeLa cervical cancer cells

“…contribute to the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species [18], which ultimately results in oxidative stress induced damages associated with nucleic acid and protein, thereby leading to cancer malignancy. In cervical cancer, persistent HPV infection and the interaction of HPV oncoprotein components E6 and E7 with tumor suppressor factors and cell cycle regulators lead to the production of ROS followed by cell transformation process [15]. Further numerous antioxidant proteins were found to be deregulated in HPV-associated penile and cervical carcinomas by modulating the accumulation of oxygen species.…”

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Effects of the Vitis vinifera L. var. Fetească Neagră and Pinot Noir Pomace Extracts

“…Several in vitro studies have shown that resveratrol has antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and antiplatelet activity, and glycosylated stilbenes have antifungal and antioxidant effects (Flamini et al, 2013). Studies conducted with resveratrol showed that it improves the effectiveness of cisplatin and doxorubicin chemotherapy, suggesting that it can be used in cervical cancer treatment (Silva et al, 2018).…”

“…In inflammation NF-kB is a pleiotropic transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes like those for chemokines, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, growth factors, antioxidant enzymes, iNOS, and others (Silva et al, 2018). NO produced under these conditions is an effector molecule that may have beneficial or harmful effects.…”

“…In some cancers, elevated basal nuclear transcription factor NF- κ B activity and inflammatory mediator production were associated with tumor resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Chemotherapy with cisplatin, daunomycin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, tamoxifen, vinblastine, and vincristine may cause chemoresistance by activating the NF- κ B, and NF- κ B inhibition acts as radiosensitizer of the tumor cells ( Silva et al., 2018 ). Because oxygen is the best radiosensitizer, tumor-induced hypoxia is considered to be the most important cause of radioresistance ( Reuter et al., 2010 ; Kim et al., 2018 ).…”

The Epigenetic Link between Polyphenols, Aging and Age-Related Diseases

“…Specifically, dietary polyphenols possess an ability to modulate biological states associated with OS and chronic inflammation that may be primary contributors to different types of cancers including cervical, ovarian and breast cancer. Various studies have also demonstrated the dynamic role of polyphenols in the suppression of inflammation related to cancer development [ 18 ]. For instance, a study in Mus musculus showed the beneficiary effects of GTPs such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on ultraviolet based (UVB) induced skin tumors.…”