Myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibody profiles and their clinical associations in a large series of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the prevalence of myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies and their clinical correlations in a large series of patients with dermatomyositis/polymyositis.METHOD:This cross-sectional study enrolled 127 dermatomyositis cases and 95 polymyositis cases. The disease-related autoantibody profiles were determined using a commercially available blood testing kit.RESULTS:The prevalence of myositis-specific autoantibodies in all 222 patients was 34.4%, whereas myositis-associated autoantibodies were found in 41.4% of the patients. The most frequently found autoantibody was anti-Ro-52 (36.9%), followed by anti-Jo-1 (18.9%), anti-Mi-2 (8.1%), anti-Ku (4.1%), anti-SRP (3.2%), anti-PL-7 (3.2%), anti-PL-12 (2.7%), anti-PM/Scl75 (2.7%), and anti-PM/Scl100 (2.7%). The distributions of these autoantibodies were comparable between polymyositis and dermatomyositis, except for a higher prevalence of anti-Jo-1 in polymyositis. Anti-Mi-2 was more prevalent in dermatomyositis. Notably, in the multivariate analysis, anti-Mi-2 and anti-Ro-52 were associated with photosensitivity and pulmonary disorders, respectively, in dermatomyositis. Anti-Jo-1 was significantly correlated with pulmonary disorders in polymyositis. Moreover, anti-Ro-52 was associated with anti-Jo-1 in both diseases. No significant correlation was observed between the remaining autoantibodies and the clinical and/or laboratory findings.CONCLUSIONS:Our data are consistent with those from other published studies involving other populations, although certain findings warrant consideration. Anti-Ro-52 and anti-Jo-1 were strongly associated with one another. Anti-Ro-52 was correlated with pulmonary disorders in dermatomyositis, whereas anti-Jo-1 was correlated with pulmonary alterations in polymyositis.

Cutaneous Manifestations in Dermatomyositis: Key Clinical and Serological Features—a Comprehensive Review

“…A recent Japanese study showed that nailfold punctate hemorrhages are more frequently seen in patients with anti-Mi-2 (89 %) than in patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 product (MDA5) (37 %) or anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma (TIF1γ)/α (44 %) [24]. A recent Brazilian study showed that anti-Mi-2-positive DM patients are significantly more likely to have photosensitivity and the shawl sign by univariate analysis but that, by multivariate analysis, the anti-Mi-2 antibody was associated only with photosensitivity [25]. According to a North American collaborative study, JDM patients with the anti-Mi-2 antibody showed the V-neck sign, the shawl sign, and cuticular overgrowth significantly less than adult DM patients did [26].…”

Acute digital ischemia: A rare presentation of antisynthetase syndrome

“…Anti-Jo-1 is the most frequent autoantibody associated with ASS, whereas anti-PL-7 accounts for only 5%-10% of cases (4, 5). Anti-SSA 52kD antibodies are found in 5%-15% of patients with IIM and are strongly associated with anti-Jo-1 or other antiaminoacyl-tRNA antibodies (6). Anti-Ku is reported in 2%-23% of patients with IIM, with higher rates being observed in polymyositis-scleroderma overlap syndromes (6-8).…”

Patients with pure dermatomyositis/polymyositis and anti-PM/Scl autoantibody resembling anti-synthetase syndrome

“…The evaluation of the results was based on the methods established in a previous study. 22 In the case of the anti-MDA-5 autoantibody, identification was performed using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, through recombinant MDA-5 and the anti-MDA-5 monoclonal antibody (MyBioSource, CA, USA). Results were evaluated according to methods established in a previous study.…”