Cognition and biomarkers of oxidative stress in obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate neuropsychological performance and biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and the relationships between these factors.METHODS:This was an observational, cross-sectional study of 14 patients (36.0±6.5 years old) with obstructive sleep apnea and 13 controls (37.3±6.9 years old). All of the participants were clinically evaluated and underwent full-night polysomnography as well as neuropsychological tests. Blood samples were used to assay superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and homocysteine, as well as vitamins E, C, B11 and B12.RESULTS:The patients performed poorly relative to the controls on several neuropsychological tests, such as the attention test and tests of long-term memory and working memory/executive function. They also had lower levels of vitamin E (p<0.006), superoxide dismutase (p<0.001) and vitamin B11 (p<0.001), as well as higher concentrations of homocysteine (p<0.02). Serum concentrations of vitamin C, catalase, glutathione and vitamin B12 were unaltered. Vitamin E levels were related to performance in the backward digit span task (F = 15.9; p = 0.002) and this correlation remained after controlling for age and body mass index (F = 6.3, p = 0.01). A relationship between superoxide dismutase concentrations and executive non-perseveration errors in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (F = 7.9; p = 0.01) was also observed.CONCLUSIONS:Decreased levels of antioxidants and lower performance on the neuropsychological tasks were observed in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. This study suggests that an imbalance between antioxidants and pro-oxidants may contribute to neuropsychological alterations in this patient population.

Risk factors of atherosclerosis in elderly senile obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes

“…Both OSAHS and Hcy are considered as independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. [11] Thakre et al [12] have found that the level of Hcy in OSAHS people was significantly higher than that in non-OSAHS people, Sales et al [13] also came to similar results in their research. Animal models have confirmed that the level of Hcy in OSAHS rats is higher than that in non-OSAHS rats; hypoxic changes in OSAHS rats may result from the fact that increased level of Hcy enhances inflammatory responses in the body and leads to the occurrence of AS in cerebral arteries.…”

Longer Duration of Sleep and Risk of Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

“…We excluded 220 duplicated articles and additional 445 articles that did not satisfy the selection criteria. After reviewing the full texts of the remaining 30 articles, 20 articles were excluded because of the following reasons: not relevant to our analysis ( n = 5) [14,17,[21][22][23], insufficient data ( n = 11) [12,15,16,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] , shared an identical study population with other articles ( n = 1) [19], data from preexisting dementia [32] , using dementia mortality as a result [33] , and using an acute biomarker as exposure [34] . The remaining 10 studies (3 case-control studies [10,11,35] and 7 cohort studies [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] were included in the final analysis.…”

Nutrition, Sleep and Sleep Disorders – Relations of Some Food Constituents and Sleep

“…Singh et al [95], supplementing OSA patients with vitamins E and C concluded that that antioxidant treatment (oral vitamin E and C) reduced oxidative stress in OSA patients. Furthermore, decreased levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and homocysteine, as well as vitamins E, C, B11 and B12) and lower performance on the neuropsychological tasks were observed in patients with obstructive sleep apnea [96]. The authors suggest that an imbalance between antioxidants and pro-oxidants may contribute to neuropsychological alterations in this patient population.…”