Antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde levels can be modulated by Piper betle, tocotrienol rich fraction and Chlorella vulgaris in aging C57BL/6 mice

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to determine the erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity and the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and plasma malondialdehyde levels in aging mice and to evaluate how these measures are modulated by potential antioxidants, including the tocotrienol-rich fraction, Piper betle, and Chlorella vulgaris.METHOD:One hundred and twenty male C57BL/6 inbred mice were divided into three age groups: young (6 months old), middle-aged (12 months old), and old (18 months old). Each age group consisted of two control groups (distilled water and olive oil) and three treatment groups: Piper betle (50 mg/kg body weight), tocotrienol-rich fraction (30 mg/kg), and Chlorella vulgaris (50 mg/kg). The duration of treatment for all three age groups was two months. Blood was withdrawn from the orbital sinus to determine the antioxidant enzyme activity and the malondialdehyde level.RESULTS:Piper betle increased the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in the young, middle, and old age groups, respectively, when compared to control. The tocotrienol-rich fraction decreased the superoxide dismutase activity in the middle and the old age groups but had no effect on catalase or glutathione peroxidase activity for all age groups. Chlorella vulgaris had no effect on superoxide dismutase activity for all age groups but increased glutathione peroxidase and decreased catalase activity in the middle and the young age groups, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris reduced lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde levels) in all age groups, but no significant changes were observed with the tocotrienol-rich fraction and the Piper betle treatments.CONCLUSION:We found equivocal age-related changes in erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity when mice were treated with Piper betle, the tocotrienol-rich fraction, and Chlorella vulgaris. However, Piper betle treatment showed increased antioxidant enzymes activity during aging.

Study of antioxidant potential of malotilate in ethanol induced hepatic dysfunction in Sprague Dawley rats

“…Similar kind of changes in MDA, SOD and CAT levels involved in increasing oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defence were reported by other researchers. [12][13][14] The severity of liver damage assessed by calculating histopathological scores (HPS) on 22nd day in all groups considering various histological features suggested the extent of liver injury. 3,15 Significantly high HPS in ethanol and ethanol with vehicle; CMC treated groups is the marker of severe liver injury.…”

Beneficial Effects of Fermented Papaya Preparation (FPP®) Supplementation on Redox Balance and Aging in a Mouse Model

“…Similarly considering the redox balance, in ET-FPP ® mice we have much higher antioxidants levels and a greater reduction of ROS than in LT-FPP ® mice. The plasma levels of antioxidants, in particular GSH and SOD-1, usually decrease with increasing age [64][65][66][67], therefore in the case of LT-FPP ® mice, FPP ® induces an increase in GSH and SOD-1, but starting from lower basal levels, thus failing to trigger a minimally comparable anti-aging action.…”

Assessment of antioxidant activity of metformin in ethanol induced liver damage in Sprague Dawley rats

“…Similar results in MDA levels were reported previously by many researchers. 10,11 The highest dose of metformin showed significant increase (p <0.001) in SOD and CAT level when compared with other groups and lowest value of both the enzymes is found in only ethanol treated groups. Similar increase in SOD levels expressed the antioxidant property.…”