Incidence of tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, differentiated by multiplex PCR, in clinical specimens of a large general hospital

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and non-tuberculous mycobacterial isolates in the routine setting of a large general hospital using an "in-house" multiplex polymerase chain reaction method and to establish a paradigm for the definitive identification of mycobacteria isolated using semi-automated equipment.METHODS:Established tests, including polymerase chain reaction restriction enzyme analysis, PNB, and NAP inhibition tests as the gold standard, showed 100% agreement with an IS6110/hsp65 multiplex polymerase chain reaction when used to identify stock strains (n = 117).RESULTS:In a subsequent study, 8,790 clinical specimens producing 476 isolates were evaluated with multiplex PCR and also showed 100% agreement in identification using PRA-polymerase chain reaction as the gold standard. The application of this technique to routine analysis was demonstrated in this study. A method was established with the initial application of multiplex PCR for all positive liquid cultures and the subsequent identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria by polymerase chain reaction restriction enzyme analysis. In total, 77% of isolates belonged to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and 23% were non-tuberculous mycobacteria.CONCLUSIONS:Several non-tuberculous mycobacterial species were identified, primarily M. avium, but other potentially pathogenic species were also frequently observed, including M. fortuitum, M. abscessus, and M. kansasii. The expeditious communication of these data to the clinical staff was fundamental for the diagnosis of clinical cases. Even in settings where tuberculosis is of major importance, the incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection is substantial.

HIV-negative pulmonary disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria in Southern Brazil: clinical and microbiological characterization

“…In Table 4 we describe data about pulmonary NTM studies in Brazil including the data we got for patients with NTM disease and those with only colonization (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), based on the ATS-2007 criteria (11).…”

Mycobacterium tuberculosis E MICOBACTÉRIAS NÃO TUBERCULOSE EM PACIENTE COM SÍNDROME DA IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA ADQUIRIDA E CÂNCER: RELATO DE CASO

“…Globalmente, a ocorrência de doenças pulmonares por micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT) aumentou (FALKINHAM, 2011;KOBASHI et al, 2013;BENSI;PA-NUNTO;RAMOS, 2013;BJERRUM et al, 2016;SHAH et al, 2016) sendo a AIDS um dos fatores que mais contribuiu para este aumento (SCAPPATICCIO et al, 2011).…”

Species Distribution and Isolation Frequency of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Uruguay

“…The distribution of NTM species isolated from human clinical samples varies greatly by region (6). In South America, data on NTM isolation frequencies are available for São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (7)(8)(9) and Buenos Aires, Argentina (6). Because clinical and laboratory observations suggested an emergence of NTM isolates, we conducted a retrospective study of isolation frequency of NTM in Uruguay.…”