Sudden Cardiac Death in Sports: Why Its Prevalence is So Different by
            Gender?

Colombo, Cléa Simone Sabino de Souza; Ghorayeb, Nabil; Garcia, Thiago Ghorayeb; Francisco, Ricardo Contesini

doi:10.5935/2359-4802.20190053

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…However, doctors often believe that older patients with heart failure die mainly because the heart muscle's pump function is reduced, and they underestimate the importance and occurrence of sudden death (Rohde et al, 2018). Regarding sportspeople over the age of 35, the heart disorders are the main causes of sudden death, especially coronary artery disease (Colombo, Ghorayeb, Garcia, & Francisco, 2019). Sudden death is not only related to high heart rate, but also to cortisol high level (Figure 1 and Table 3), which reveals values strongly similar to those that can cause cardiovascular death of people with and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease, that is, a specific link with cardiovascular mortality exists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Football society players over the age of 55: how stressful can a match be?

Vieira

Silva

Souza

et al. 2021

Acta Sci. Health Sci.

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This study aimed at assessing the physical activity level, heart rate and the salivary cortisol level of football society players. The sample consisted of 19 male masters football players with an average age of 56.7 ± 3.9 years. The long form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Polar® heart rate monitors were used as instruments, in addition to Salivette® tubes to measure salivary cortisol. Data analysis was performed by using the repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post hoc test, and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. The results showed that the salivary cortisol concentration indicated an index of 1.97 ng/ml at the beginning of the match; 40 minutes after that these values increased to 8.00 ng/ml, and 60 minutes after the match had started they reached 8.40 ng/ml. Considering the post-match moment, a moderate and positive correlation between the salivary cortisol concentration and heart rate (average and maximum) was seen. In conclusion, the physical effort expended during football Society practice needs to be monitored due to the high heart rate and high increase in the salivary cortisol concentration of this age group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Football society players over the age of 55: how stressful can a match be?

Vieira

Silva

Souza

et al. 2021

Acta Sci. Health Sci.

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“…Lastly, future studies should examine factors that may have influenced the significantly low incidence rate among female student athletes. Previous studies have consistently reported a lower prevalence of sudden death among female athletes in sports; however, the precise mechanism is not well-understood (Colombo et al 2019 ; Endres et al 2019 ; Finocchiaro et al 2016 ). Therefore, more studies are needed to improve the understanding of the causes of death among female athletes and to elucidate if different risk factors exist when compared to the male counterpart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of sudden death in organized school sports in Japan

et al. 2021

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Background Nearly half of the sudden deaths documented in Japanese middle and high school occurred during school organized sport activities. However, no study to date has calculated the incidence rates of these deaths by sport. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the epidemiology of sudden death in organized school sports in Japan. Methods Data submitted to Japan Sport Council (JSC) Injury and Accident Mutual Aid Benefit System between 2005 and 2016 were retrieved from JSC website for analysis (n = 1137). Case information on fatal incidents that occurred during organized school sports in middle and high school students were extracted for analysis (n = 198). Descriptive statistics about activity type, sex, sport, cause of death, and presence of on-site trained medical personnel were calculated using frequencies and proportions. Sudden death incidence rates were expressed per 100,000 athlete-years with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall incidence rate of sports-related death was 0.38 deaths per 100,000 athlete-years (95%CI = 0.30, 0.45). Only three cases (2%) reported having trained medical personnel on-site at the time of death. Most deaths were in male student athletes (n = 149/162, 92%), with 7.5 times greater fatality rate in male compared to female student athletes (incidence rate ratio, 7.5; 95%CI = 4.43, 13.22). Baseball (n = 25/162, 15.4%), judo (n = 24/162, 14.8%), soccer/futsal (n = 20/162, 12.3%), and basketball (n = 18/162, 11.1%) accounted for 53.7% of deaths. Accounting for the number of participants in the respective sport, the three highest average incident rates of death were reported in rugby (4.59 deaths per 100,000 athlete-years, 95%CI = 2.43, 6.75), judo (3.76 deaths per 100,000 athlete-years, 95%CI = 1.58, 5.93), and baseball (0.59 deaths per 100,000 athlete-years, 95%CI = 0.38, 0.79). The top three causes of death were sudden cardiac arrest (n = 68/162, 42.0%), head trauma (n = 32/162, 19.8%), and heat related injury (n = 25/162, 15.4%). Conclusions In conclusion, the highest rates of sports-related death among Japanese student athletes were observed in the following: rugby, male athletes, and during practices. The leading cause of death was sudden cardiac arrest.

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Sudden Cardiac Death in Sports: Why Its Prevalence is So Different by Gender?

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Football society players over the age of 55: how stressful can a match be?

Football society players over the age of 55: how stressful can a match be?

Epidemiology of sudden death in organized school sports in Japan

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