Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a Biondicator of Copper and Cadmium Toxicity. A Bioavailability Approach

Abstract

The acute toxicity of copper and cadmium in Oreochromis niloticus was evaluated through a 96 h static assay. Precipitation of Cu and co-precipitation of Cd in the presence of Cu were noted, being indicative of differences in nominal and actual concentrations of metals. Under these conditions, LC 50-96h was determined as 3.53 mg L -1 Cu, 20.1 mg L -1 Cd and 1.36 mg L -1 (Cu + Cd). Besides the quantitative determinations of total dissolved metals in water, considerations on Cd/Cu interactions in aquatic media were presented, allowing the assessment for metals speciation. Data revealed that alkalinity, hardness, dissolved organic carbon and formation of inorganic complexes reduce metal availabilities, mainly in relation to Cu. In spite of this, the LC 50 for Cd was significantly reduced in the presence of Cu, matching environmental realistic values. Based on simulated fate of metals, hardness may impair a reduction of 18 and 2% in metal activities, respectively to Cu and Cd.

Cadmium Accumulation and Depuration in the Muscle of Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch) after Sub-Chronic Cadmium Exposure: Ameliorating Effect of Melatonin

“…After the acclimation, the fish were randomly assigned to seven groups: control group—Cd-free water, Mel group—the fish were implanted with melatonin, blank group—the fish were sham-injected, 0.4 mg Cd/L + Mel group—the fish were implanted with melatonin and exposed to cadmium in water, 0.4 mg Cd/L group—the fish were exposed to cadmium in water, 4.0 mg Cd/L + Mel group—the fish were implanted with melatonin and exposed to cadmium in water, and 4.0 mg Cd/L group—the fish were exposed to cadmium in water. The cadmium concentrations used in the study were chosen considering the concentrations of Cd found in surface waters (between 1 and over 16 mg/L) [ 21 , 22 ]. The implants contained 18 g melatonin (Ceva Santè Animale, Libourne, France) and were placed intramuscularly under the dorsal fin.…”

Acute Toxicity Test of Jatropha curcas L. on Nile Tilapia Seeds (Oreochromis niloticus L.)

“…There is a relationship between the concentration of toxic substances with exposure time which means that the toxic activity in killing test sh depends on the time or duration of exposure of the poison to the test sh (Silva et al, 2017).…”

“…This explains that the lower the concentration of Jatropha seeds given to the test sh, the longer the time needed to kill 50% (LT 50 ) of the test sh. If the concentration of Jatropha seeds is given the higher the shorter the time needed to kill 50% (LT 50 ) of test sh because the higher the concentration, the more active substances that enter the body of tilapia seed (Silva et al, 2017).…”

“…Toxins that accumulated in the body's tissues could be poison to body's organs, so that the body's organs could not be functioned anymore and disrupted health and death. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) deserves to be used as a biological indicator because when it meets the requirements, namely this organism is sensitive to toxic materials and environmental changes, widespread distribution and easily obtained in large quantities, has economic value, reaction and ecological importance both regionally and nationally, easily maintained in a laboratory (Silva et al, 2017).…”

Application of a Novel Ion-Imprinted Polymer to the Separation of Traces of CdII Ions in Natural Water: Optimization by Box-Behnken Design

“…Among them, the element cadmium is very toxic and is classified as a carcinogen, since it is not necessary to the human organism. 1,2 The main pathway of cadmium contamination is its absorption by the digestive tract. 3 Related to this is the occurrence of various symptoms and diseases such as nausea, vomiting, excessive salivation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.…”