CO and Ethanol Electro-Oxidation on Pt-Rh/C

Calderón-Cárdenas, Alfredo; Ortiz-Restrepo, John E.; Mancilla-Valencia, Nelson D.; Torres-Rodríguez, Gerardo Andrés; Lima, Fabio H. B.; Bolaños-Rivera, Alberto; González, Ernesto Rafael; Lizcano-Valbuena, William H.

doi:10.5935/0103-5053.20140121

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…This generic model keeps obvious resemblance with many (electro)chemical reactions. 7,[20][21][22][23][24][25] In particular, step r3 is ubiquitous in the electro-oxidation of small organic molecules as in the so-called Ertl reaction, 26 where adsorbed carbon monoxide COad reacts with adsorbed oxygenated species O(H)x,ad. The following rate laws can be written for each elementary reaction:…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Activation Energy in Electrochemical Multistep Reactions: A Description via Sensitivities and Degrees of Rate Control

2020

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Activation energy is a well-known empirical parameter in chemical kinetics that characterizes the dependence of the chemical rate coefficients on the temperature and provides information to compare the intrinsic activity of the catalysts. However, the determination and interpretation of the apparent activation energy in multistep reactions is not an easy task. For this purpose, the concept of degree of rate control is convenient, which comprises a mathematical approach for analyzing reaction mechanisms and chemical kinetics. Although this concept has been used in catalysis, it has not yet been applied in electrocatalytic systems, whose ability to control the potential across the solid/liquid interface is the main difference with heterogenous catalysis, and the electrical current is commonly used as a measure of the reaction rate. Herein we use the definition of 'degree of rate control for elementary step' to address some of the drawbacks that frequently arise with interpreting apparent activation energy as a measure of intrinsic electrocatalytic activity of electrode. For this, an electrokinetic model Langmuir-Hinshelwood-like is used for making numerical experiments and verifying the proposed ideas. The results show that to improve the catalytic activity of an electrode material, it must act upon the reaction steps with the highest normalized absolute values of degree of rate control. On the other hand, experiments at different applied voltages showed that if the electroactive surface poisoning process take place, changes in can not be used to compare the catalytic activity of the electrodes. Finally, the importance of making measurements at steady-state to avoid large errors in the calculations of apparent activation energy is also discussed.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Activation Energy in Electrochemical Multistep Reactions: A Description via Sensitivities and Degrees of Rate Control

2020

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“…This second metal often is a transition and not a noble metal which dissociated in water at low potential and provides oxygenated species to oxidize the adsorbed CO at a lower potential. This pathway is known as the Langmuir-Hinshewood mechanism [36], where two adsorbed species react and form a final product; some studies show that PtRu is the more efficient electrocatalyst [37][38][39]. The use of pure Pt as anode of PEMFC fed with H 2 , presenting 100 ppm of CO, results in more than 50% of loss of efficiency due to electrode poisoning effect [37].…”

Section: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Hydrogen and their Use in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Colmati¹,

Alonso²,

Martins³

et al. 2018

Advances in Hydrogen Generation Technologies

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This work will show an overview of the hydrogen production from ethanol by steam reforming method, using distinct catalysts, resulting in low carbon monoxide content in H2 produced; a thermodynamic analysis of reforming employing entropy maximization, the ideal condition for ethanol, and other steam reforming reactions, the state of the art of steam reforming catalysts for H2 production with low CO content. Moreover, in the second part, there will be an overview of the use of hydrogen in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the fuel cell operational conditions, a thermodynamic analysis of PEMFC, the catalysts used in the electrodes of the fuel cell, consequences of the CO presence in the hydrogen fuel feed in PEMFC, and the operation conditions for maximum output power density.

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“…Based on its noted importance, in the last decades, the DEMS technique has been applied to investigate products, intermediates, and reaction pathways from several electrochemical processes: oxidation of organic molecules, [25–34] photoelectrochemical water splitting, [35–37] reaction in batteries, [38–40] enzyme activity evaluation, [41] electrocatalytic nitrate reduction, [42–45] carbon corrosion, [46] study of oscillatory process, [47–49] etc [50–55] . In this context, the study of the electroreduction of CO 2 by EC‐MS deserves to be highlighted, given the importance of this electrocatalytic reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry: Evolution of the Cell Setup for On‐Line Investigation of Products and Screening of Electrocatalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reduction

et al. 2022

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One of the most important current topics in the renewable and sustainable energy scenario is the CO2 electro‐reduction reaction (CO2RR), which is an alternative and important route for its conversion into various high value‐added chemicals, therefore making up a CO2 recycling process. Despite its importance and the works already developed in this field, many challenges still need to be overcome for CO2RR to reach high values of efficiency and selectivity. This is even more challenging considering that this reaction occurs with the transfer of several electrons, making the investigation and elucidation of the reaction mechanism a real need. Thus, several characterization techniques have been employed, and specially, the on‐line Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (EC‐MS) technique emerges as a powerful tool, thus making possible to improve the understanding of reaction pathways, through the identification of products and intermediaries, and allowing the screening of electrocatalyst potentials for CO2RR. Herein, we present the evolution of adaptations of general electrochemical cell designs for the study of the CO2RR.

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CO and Ethanol Electro-Oxidation on Pt-Rh/C

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Apparent Activation Energy in Electrochemical Multistep Reactions: A Description via Sensitivities and Degrees of Rate Control

Apparent Activation Energy in Electrochemical Multistep Reactions: A Description via Sensitivities and Degrees of Rate Control

Production of Hydrogen and their Use in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry: Evolution of the Cell Setup for On‐Line Investigation of Products and Screening of Electrocatalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reduction

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