Factors associated to salt intake in chronic hemodialysis patients

Nerbass, Fabiana Baggio; Morais, Jyana G.; Santos, Rafaela Gonzaga dos; Krüger, Tatiana S.; Sczip, Andrea C.; Filho, Hercilio Alexandre da Luz

doi:10.5935/0101-2800.20130015

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1 The average daily salt intake among dialysis patients has been reported to be significantly higher, ranging from 7.9 to 14.1 g/day. [25][26][27][28] Salt intake of hemodialysis patients varies according to the country, being higher especially where the diet is rich in processed foods. 29 Nephrologists routinely recommend restriction of salt, but unfortunately, it is difficult to obtain in daily clinical practice.…”

Section: Reduction Of Dietary Salt Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

The Frustrating Attempt to Limit the Interdialytic Weight Gain in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: New Insights Into an Old Problem

Bossola¹,

Pepe

Vulpio³

2018

Journal of Renal Nutrition

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A significant percentage of patients on chronic hemodialysis have an interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) above the recommended values. High IDWG has detrimental effects on survival, cardiovascular outcomes, and quality of life. High IDWG is secondary to poor adherence to fluid restriction and to excessive intake of fluids, due to thirst and xerostomia. Various strategies have been proposed to limit IDWG such as the reduction of dietary salt intake, behavioral interventions aimed at improving the adherence to fluid restriction, the improvement of xerostomia, and the use of lower dialysate sodium concentration. The present narrative review aims to evaluate the efficacy of each of such strategies.

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Section: Reduction Of Dietary Salt Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

The Frustrating Attempt to Limit the Interdialytic Weight Gain in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: New Insights Into an Old Problem

Bossola¹,

Pepe

Vulpio³

2018

Journal of Renal Nutrition

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“…It is possible that these good results are a consequence of the habit of the patients of our country to consume fresh foods and avoid, as much as possible, the use of fast and/or processed foods. The average daily salt intake among dialysis patients has been reported to be high, ranging from 7.9 to 14.1 g/day [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Recently, Luis et al, that referred to the recommendations of 2000-2300 mg/day of the European Best Practice Guideline on Nutrition and Chronic Kidney Disease, found that only 15% of patients were within the target value [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The American Heart Association recommends a daily sodium intake <1500 mg [11]. The average daily sodium intake among dialysis patients has been reported to be significantly higher [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Sodium intake of patients on chronic hemodialysis varies according to the country, being higher especially where the diet is rich in processed foods [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Daily Sodium Intake Lower than 1500 mg Is Associated with Inadequately Low Intake of Calorie, Protein, Iron, Zinc and Vitamin B1 in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

et al. 2020

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Background: To measure daily sodium intake in patients on chronic hemodialysis and to compare the intake of nutrients, minerals, trace elements, and vitamins in patients who had a daily sodium intake below or above the value of 1500 mg recommended by the American Heart Association. Methods: Dietary intake was recorded for 3 days by means of 3-day diet diaries in prevalent patients on chronic hemodialysis. Each patient was instructed by a dietitian on how to fill the diary, which was subsequently signed by a next of kin. Results: We studied 127 patients. Mean sodium intake (mg) was 1295.9 ± 812.3. Eighty-seven (68.5%) patients had a daily sodium intake <1500 mg (group 1) and 40 (31.5%) ≥ 1500 mg (group 2). Correlation between daily sodium intake and daily calorie intake was significant (r = 0.474 [0.327 to 0.599]; p < 0.0001). Daily calorie intake (kcal/kg/day) was lower in group 1 (21.1 ± 6.6; p = 0.0001) than in group 2 (27.1 ± 10.4). Correlation between daily sodium intake and daily protein intake was significant (r = 0.530 [0.392 to 0.644]; p < 0.0001). The daily protein intake (grams/kg/day) was lower in group 1 (0.823 ± 0.275; p = 0.0003) than in group 2 (1.061 ± 0.419). Daily intake of magnesium, copper, iron, zinc, and selenium was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. Daily intake of vitamin A, B2, B3, and C did not differ significantly between group 1 and group 2. Daily intake of vitamin B1 was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. Significantly lower was, in group 1 than in group 2, the percentage of patients within the target value with regard to intake of calories (11.5% vs. 37.5%; p = 0.001) and proteins (9.2% vs. 27.5%; p = 0.015) as well as of iron (23% vs. 45%; p = 0.020), zinc (13.8% vs. 53.8%; p = 0.008) and vitamin B1 (8.1% vs. 50%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: A low daily intake of sodium is associated with an inadequately low intake of calorie, proteins, minerals, trace elements, and vitamin B1. Nutritional counselling aimed to reduce the intake of sodium in patients on chronic hemodialysis should not disregard an adequate intake of macro- and micronutrients, otherwise the risk of malnutrition is high.

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“…Fluid overload and salt intake can increase interdialytic weight gain (Nerbass et al ) and hypervolaemia (Ritz et al , ), both of which are contributing factors for dialysis‐associated arterial hypertension, cardiovascular morbidity, and hospitalisations (Munoz Mendoza et al ). Therefore, control of salt intake is a key to reduce complications and improve prognosis in patients undergoing haemodialysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health beliefs of salt intake among patients undergoing haemodialysis

Xie

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Renal Care

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SUMMARY Background High salt intake has been recognised as a risk factor that contributes to a poor outcome in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). This study examined health beliefs about salt intake among patients undergoing haemodialysis. Materials and methods This was a cross‐sectional study using a convenience sample. 307 outpatients completed the health beliefs of sodium intake scale (HBSIS). Results In this cohort, the score for the perceived self‐efficacy subscale (3.59 ± 0.76) was highest, while the score for perceived barriers (2.52 ± 0.67) subscale was lowest. These perceived benefits, susceptibility for the reduction, and no reduction of sodium intake subscale scores were significantly higher in female than in male patients (p < 0.05). The scores for the subscale of perceived barriers, and the seriousness for the reduction and no reduction of sodium intake were significantly higher in haemodialysis patients who had been educated above high school compared with patients with middle school education and below (p < 0.05). The scores for the subscale of perceived benefits, susceptibility, and self‐efficacy for reduction or no reduction of sodium intake were also significantly higher in haemodialysis patients with higher income compared to those with lower income (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The score for the subscale of perceived seriousness for no reduction of sodium intake was significantly higher in patients who had received transplants than in patients who had not received a transplant (p < 0.01). Conclusion Patients undergoing haemodialysis have a low level of health belief about salt intake.

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Factors associated to salt intake in chronic hemodialysis patients

Abstract: Salt intake was high mainly due to discretionary salt. It was associated with education and adversely affected %IDWG in anuric patients and medium BP in those not taking hypotensive drugs.

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

The Frustrating Attempt to Limit the Interdialytic Weight Gain in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: New Insights Into an Old Problem

The Frustrating Attempt to Limit the Interdialytic Weight Gain in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: New Insights Into an Old Problem

Dietary Daily Sodium Intake Lower than 1500 mg Is Associated with Inadequately Low Intake of Calorie, Protein, Iron, Zinc and Vitamin B1 in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

Health beliefs of salt intake among patients undergoing haemodialysis

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