Chronic pain related to AIDS: perspective of nurses and doctors

Abstract

RESUMOObjetivou-se identifi car as características e o manejo da dor crônica associada à síndrome da imunodefi ciência adquirida (AIDS) na perspectiva de enfermeiros e médicos. Estudo qualitativo realizado em hospital de referência de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, com 20 profi ssionais. Aplicou-se entrevista semiestruturada e os discursos foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin, emergindo três categorias: Caracterização da dor; Avaliação clínica da dor; e Cuidado Clínico da dor. Encontrou-se que a dor na AIDS manifesta-se como persistente, incapacitante e de difícil controle, sendo seu manejo baseado na identifi cação acurada dos fatores causais e na implementação do tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico prestado pela equipe interdisciplinar. O estudo traz dados relevantes sobre a dor em pacientes com AIDS hospitalizados, demonstrando a necessidade de repensar o modelo gerencial de cuidado para promover intervenções de maior efi cácia analgésica e de aprimorar o atendimento interdisciplinar à dor para sua melhor avaliação e tratamento. Descritores: Enfermagem; Dor; Síndrome da Imunodefi ciência Adquirida; HIV; Pessoal de Saúde. ABSTRACTThe objective was to identify the features and the management of chronic pain associated to Acquired Immunodefi ciency Syndrome (AIDS) from the perspective of nurses and doctors. Qualitative study conducted at a reference hospital in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, with 20 professionals. It was applied semi-structured interview and the speeches were analyzed using content analysis of Bardin, emerging three categories: Characterization of pain, Clinical evaluation of pain and Clinical care of pain. It was found that pain in AIDS manifests itself as persistent, disabling, with diffi cult control, and its management based on accurate identifi cation of the causal factors and on implementation of pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment offered by the interdisciplinary team. The study provides relevant data on pain in AIDS patients, demonstrating the need to rethink the model of care management interventions to promote greater effi cacy of analgesia and to improve interdisciplinary approach to pain for better pain evaluation and treatment. Key words: Nursing; Pain; Acquired Immunodefi ciency Syndrome; HIV; Health Personnel. RESUMENEl objetivo fue identifi car las características e el tratamiento del dolor crónico asociado con el síndrome de inmunodefi ciencia adquirida (SIDA) en la perspectiva de enfermeros y médicos. Estudio cualitativo realizado en hospital de referencia en Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, con 20 profesionales. Se aplicó entrevista semi-estructurada y los discursos fueron analizados utilizando análisis de contenido de Bardin, surgiendo tres categorías: Caracterización del dolor, Evaluación clínica del dolor y Cuidado clínico del dolor. Se encontró que el dolor en SIDA es persistente, incapacitante y difícil de controlar, su gestión es basada en la identifi cación precisa de los factores causales y en la aplicación del tratamiento farmacológico y no farmaco...

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