Corneal backscatter in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes
            mellitus patients: a pilot study

Calvo-Maroto, Ana M.; Pérez-Cambrodí, Rafael J.; Esteve-Taboada, José J.; García‐Lázaro, Santiago; Cerviño, Alejandro

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.20170037

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…As far as CCT is concerned, there was no statistically significant difference between patients with DM and controls in our study, in line with several authors [8,11,22,23], although most of the existing studies have controversial results, showing an increase of CCT in diabetic patients [9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. We also did not find any correlation between CCT and patients' characteristics; i.e., DM duration, HbA1c levels, disease severity, as it was found for ECD, which was in line with Toygar et al [24], who also suggested that retinal disease severity does not seem to have an effect on CCT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Our findings regarding ECD de- crease were in accordance with the majority of previous studies. Specifically, Inoue et al [11] found a 4.1% reduction in ECD in patients with DM compared to controls in line with other authors, who also reported a significant reduction in ECD in diabetic patients [9,10,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, there is no absolute consensus in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Corneal Endothelial Cells and Central Corneal Thickness: A Case-Control Study

et al. 2020

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), comparing them with those of healthy subjects (controls) and to determine potential factors affecting the corneal parameters in patients with DM. Methods: Participants in this study were 72 patients with DM and 88 healthy controls. Diabetic patients were further classified into groups depending on the severity of diabetic retinopathy (no retinopathy, mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy). All participants underwent non-contact specular microscopy to evaluate corneal endothelium parameters and CCT, while factors affecting endothelial cell density and CCT in patients with DM were also analyzed. Results: Patients with DM presented significantly decreased endothelial cell density compared to controls (2,297.9 ± 311.3 and 2,518.3 ± 243.7 cells/mm², respectively; p < 0.001), while the two groups did not differ significantly in any other measured corneal parameter. In the diabetic group, the multivariate analysis showed a significant association between decreased endothelial cell density and increased HbA1c (p < 0.001), longer DM duration (p = 0.003), and more severe diabetic retinopathy status (p = 0.008). Conclusion: DM seems to affect the corneal endothelium, since endothelial cell density was decreased in the diabetic group, while duration of disease, HbA1c levels, and severity of retinopathy were significantly associated with changes in endothelial cell density and should be taken into account.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Corneal Endothelial Cells and Central Corneal Thickness: A Case-Control Study

et al. 2020

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“…Gao et al [123] used Pentacam HRto assess CCT, COD, and alterations of corneal transparency in 180 diabetes patients; they found an increase in COD and CCT compared with controls, with a positive association between the medial and intimal COD and central CCT in diabetes patients. In addition, Calvo-Maroto et al [124], in a pilot study in adult diabetes patients, showed higher values of corneal light backscatter in patients with diabetes when compared with healthy subjects. However, COD values in children with T1D were similar in all concentric zones and layers to those in healthy children [125].…”

Section: Diabetes and Corneal Stromamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Corneal Biomechanics and Architecture in Diabetes

Buey

Casas

Caramello

et al. 2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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In the last decade, we have witnessed substantial progress in our understanding of corneal biomechanics and architecture. It is well known that diabetes is a systemic metabolic disease that causes chronic progressive damage in the main organs of the human body, including the eyeball. Although the main and most widely recognized ocular effect of diabetes is on the retina, the structure of the cornea (the outermost and transparent tissue of the eye) can also be affected by the poor glycemic control characterizing diabetes. The different corneal structures (epithelium, stroma, and endothelium) are affected by specific complications of diabetes. The development of new noninvasive diagnostic technologies has provided a better understanding of corneal tissue modifications. The objective of this review is to describe the advances in the knowledge of the corneal alterations that diabetes can induce.

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“…Studies have assessed changes in various aspects of the anterior segment during bouts of hyperglycemia and after controlling for the disease, but the effects of DM on corneal topography and aberrometry have not been widely studied. Table 2 summarizes the mean Pentacam parameters for aberrometry, keratometry, and corneal asphericity of patients with DM in the literature [11,15,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], with the corresponding values in non-diabetic eyes [11,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has reported the RMS of the LOAs or HOAs, or magnitude of posterior topographic astigmatism in eyes with type 1 DM (T1DM) or T2DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal topography and higher-order aberrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Asharlous¹,

Riazi²,

Jamali³

et al. 2023

Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom

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Background: Changes in blood sugar levels cause alterations in the anterior segment and retina of the eye. This study was aimed at evaluating corneal topography, aberrometry, and corneal asphericity in patients with treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Participants with treatment-naive T2DM were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The inclusion criteria were glycated hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) greater than or equal to 7.5% and absence of other ocular or systemic diseases. Patients who refused to participate or had a history of topical or systemic steroid use, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, anemia, prior ocular disorder or surgery, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, cataract, active ocular inflammatory or infectious disease, or contact lens use were excluded. All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination. The Pentacam HR Scheimpflug tomography system (Pentacam High Resolution; Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) was used to measure the anterior-segment parameters. Results: Sixty eyes of 30 patients with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1 were included; the mean (standard deviation [SD]) age and Hb A1c were 51.63 (6.73) years and 8.82% (1.31%), respectively. The mean (SD) values of central corneal thickness, root mean square (RMS) of total aberration, RMS of lower-order aberrations, RMS of higher-order aberrations, spherical aberration, 0° coma, 90° coma, flat anterior keratometry (K), steep anterior K, mean anterior K, anterior topographic astigmatism, flat posterior K, steep posterior K, mean posterior K, posterior topographic astigmatism, anterior corneal asphericity, and posterior corneal asphericity were 540.22 (24.47) µm, 1.72 (0.73) µm, 1.63 (0.73) µm, 0.51 (0.17) µm, + 0.31 (0.09) µm, - 0.06 (0.15) diopters (D), 0.003 (0.21) D, 43.87 (1.49) D, 44.69 (1.50) D, 44.28 (1.44) D, + 0.82 (0.83) D, - 6.25 (0.27) D, - 6.55 (0.31) D, - 6.40 (0.28) D, - 0.30 (0.15) D, - 0.32 (0.12) Q-value, and - 0.47 (0.17) Q-value, respectively. Conclusions: We presented the mean values of Pentacam parameters for aberrometry, keratometry, and corneal asphericity in patients with treatment-naive T2DM. These values could serve as a baseline for prospective monitoring of the ocular health status of this cohort and for comparison with future cohorts of patients with well-controlled T2DM. Further studies are required to assess the presence and applicability of ocular changes following intensive blood glucose control in T2DM and further understand the related pathophysiology.

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Corneal backscatter in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients: a pilot study

Abstract: Diabetic patients showed higher values of corneal light backscatter than healthy subjects. Corneal optical density analysis may be a useful tool for monitoring and assessing the ocular changes caused by diabetes.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Corneal Endothelial Cells and Central Corneal Thickness: A Case-Control Study

The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Corneal Endothelial Cells and Central Corneal Thickness: A Case-Control Study

An Update on Corneal Biomechanics and Architecture in Diabetes

Corneal topography and higher-order aberrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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