The purpose of this study was to characterize wood species from Tauari (Couratari oblongifolia Ducke & Kunth), Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.), Angelim-vermelho (Diniziaexcelsa Ducke), Ipe-verde (Handroanthus serratifolius (A.H. Gentry) S .Grose) and Abiurana (Pouteria egregia Sandwith) trees, all of with are largely commercialized in Brazil and the international market, by utilizing techniques of colorimetry, macroscopy, microscopy and fiber measurement, so as to expand the use of these techniques in the technological characterization of wood and the best use of these species the timber market. IMEQ / MT Institute of Metrology and Quality of the State of Mato Grosso provided the wooden planks and the specimen preparation was determined by COPANT (1972). 20 specimens were made with measurements of 2cm x 2cm x 30cm (width, thickness and length), for use in ascertaining the woods color (colorimetry-performed using the colorimetric parameters of the CIELAB system 1976). While another 20 specimens, measuring 2cm x 2cm x 5cm, were used in the tests image analysis to study anatomical properties. The Couratari oblongifolia species and Pouteria egregia were lighter in color, respectively, greyish white and pink. While the Hymenaea courbaril and Dinizia excelsa species have brownish yellow color, Handroanthus serratifolius possessed an olive brown color. The anatomical description and fiber measurements of these Amazonian species show singular characteristics of their wood, differentiating their peculiarities, attributes that identifies the wood, providing different application options and increasing trade value. The work also demonstrated that quantitative colorimetry is an efficient tool to classify wood coloration and to differentiate the radial and tangential sections of a wood species.