Campanhas Oficiais Sobre Hiv/Aids No Brasil: Divergências Entre Conteúdos E O Perfil Epidemiológico Do Agravo

Abstract

Objetivo: verificar as categorias gênero, classe social, raça/etnia e geração nos discursos das campanhas midiáticas oficiais sobre HIV/aids no Brasil difundidas no período de 1998 a 2018.Método: estudo exploratório e documental, baseado nas publicações de campanhas publicadas no site público do Departamento de Condições Crônicas e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Foram encontradas 55 campanhas com a temática central do período de 1998 a 2018. Estas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática e processadas no software WebQDA®.Resultados: a categoria gênero foi a mais presente nas campanhas (30,90%), seguida pela geração (25,46%), classe social (12,72%), e raça/etnia (1,81%).Conclusão: percebe-se que há uma dinamicidade do fenômeno HIV/aids que não se consegue reverter pelas informações veiculadas nas campanhas. É necessário direcioná-las continuamente com conteúdo que aborde o fenômeno nas diferentes comunidades homossexuais, masculina, feminina, negra, indígena, jovens, idosos, e ainda, privilegiar conteúdo de comunicação para grupos segundo seu modo de viver.

Perfil epidemiológico de indivíduos que vivem com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis

“…A análise e identificação permitem que campanhas oficiais direcionem informações de prevenção para grupos estratégicos com foco no modo de viver. Dados como idade, raça/cor, estado civil, escolaridade, comportamento sexual, orientação sexual e uso de drogas são importantes nesse contexto (Luccas, Brandão, Limas, Chaves & Albuquerque, 2021).…”

Instrumento ilustrado para avaliar o conhecimento de idosos sobre prevenção do HIV/Aids: estudo metodológico

“…In Brazil, there are records of 342,459 HIV infection cases in the advanced age group; in addition, there has been a 38.5% increase in the mortality of this population segment in the last ten years, which shows that this problem continues to be growing and is increasingly worrisome in the aged population (4) . There are multiple factors for the increase in HIV/AIDS case in this population segment, with the following among them: the content of the campaigns to neglect dissemination of information to the main vulnerable groups, such as aged individuals; low schooling; immunosenescence; and lack of knowledge about its prevention means and about the disease itself, which leads to carelessness in the use of condoms and to other risk behaviors (5)(6) . These factors support the idea of offering more expressiveness and visibility to the debate on the sexual health of aged people, such as HIV prevention; in addition to raising awareness about the importance of offering knowledge to older adults about how to live without stigma and prejudice with the HIV/AIDS phenomenon, in addition to emphasizing the idea that aged individuals have the right to live their sexuality in a responsible and informed manner, prioritizing the theme as an object of public policies, in order to contribute to the extinction of the stereotype that older adults are asexual (5) .…”

“…There are multiple factors for the increase in HIV/AIDS case in this population segment, with the following among them: the content of the campaigns to neglect dissemination of information to the main vulnerable groups, such as aged individuals; low schooling; immunosenescence; and lack of knowledge about its prevention means and about the disease itself, which leads to carelessness in the use of condoms and to other risk behaviors (5)(6) . These factors support the idea of offering more expressiveness and visibility to the debate on the sexual health of aged people, such as HIV prevention; in addition to raising awareness about the importance of offering knowledge to older adults about how to live without stigma and prejudice with the HIV/AIDS phenomenon, in addition to emphasizing the idea that aged individuals have the right to live their sexuality in a responsible and informed manner, prioritizing the theme as an object of public policies, in order to contribute to the extinction of the stereotype that older adults are asexual (5) . Given this situation, and considering that care for the aged person is a global priority, together with the multidisciplinary team, nurses need to be aware of the epidemiological reality and, consequently, they must act as promoters of preventive care through the implementation of health education actions (7) .…”