Efeito da idade relativa no Futebol: o estudo de caso do São Paulo Futebol Clube

Massa, Marcelo; Costa, Eduardo Caldas; Moreira, Alexandre; Thiengo, Carlos Rogério; Lima, Marcelo; Marquez, Walter Quispe; Aoki, Marcelo Saldanha

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2014v16n4p399

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Unsurprisingly, players born earlier in the year were more physically developed than those born later in the year (Figure 2). Consistent with previous findings, 15,20,46 these results suggest this soccer academy preferentially selected players within an age cohort that were older, taller, and heavier.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Are soccer players born later in the year more technically skilled than those born earlier in the year

Hunter

Smith

Camata

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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In many youth sports, selection into elite training academies is dominated by athletes born earlier in the year. Previous research suggests this is partly due to these athletes being more physically developed than their younger peers. How athletes born later in the year survive in elite academies is less understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that players born later in the year are more technically skilled than their peers born earlier in the same year. Using 150 youth players (10–19 years of age) from an elite Brazilian soccer academy, we measured each player's date of birth, height, and mass; sprinting ability; dribbling ability; and kicking accuracy and speed. We found most players in this academy were born in the first half of the year, and those born earlier in the year (relatively older) tended to be taller and heavier than those born later in the same year (relatively younger). In addition, relatively older players were faster when sprinting and dribbling the ball in a straight line. Conversely, relatively younger players were more accurate when passing the ball with their nondominant foot, providing some evidence these players were more technically skilled than their older peers of the same age. We suggest skill tests with youth players need to consider relative age and physical size in order to best assess a player's potential.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Are soccer players born later in the year more technically skilled than those born earlier in the year

Hunter

Smith

Camata

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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“…Our findings are supported by the literature 8 indicating a decreasing trend in the percentage of selected athletes in BQ1 with increasing age, with the adult team showing no evidence of RAE. The tendency of RAE in elite youth players, especially at younger ages, 2 was observed in the current study. In short, the occurrence of RAE in the selection system of youth soccer players seems to be more frequent at younger ages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…1 This phenomenon occurs, in part, because athletes are grouped by age, with the assumption that this system guarantees equitable opportunities, similar development and fair competition. 2 However, grouping athletes this way neglects that humans develop and mature at different rates and periods in their lives, and as a result, provide physical advantages for those who mature early. 3 Consequently, athletes who are born early in the year may reach maturation and development faster than their peers (who are born late in the year) and be considered more advanced and selected to play in older age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relative age effect in Brazilian soccer: so what?

et al. 2020

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Objectiveː our purpose was a) to describe the Relative Age Effect occurrence in Brazilian elite youth soccer players; b) to identify the association between Relative Age Effect and technical skills and c) to examine how Relative Age Effect can affect Physical Fitness. Method: Eighty-one Brazilian elite soccer players from three age-group teams (U-15, U-17 and U-20) were classified by birth quartiles according to their date of birth. Relative Age Effect was determined when there was a statistically significant difference between players who were born in BQ1 (January through March) to the other birth quartiles (Chi-Square). The association between Relative Age Effect and Technical Rankings was verified by the correlation. The partial correlation controlled for date of birth and for maturity offset was also performed. Relative Age Effect on Physical Fitness was verified by the variance (ANOVA) of its components on each team’s birth quartiles. Results: Players born in BQ1 were the most selected in U-15 (60%) and U-17 (35%) teams, but not in U-20 (25%). A low to moderate (Rho = 0.04 to 0.53) correlation was found between birth quartiles and Technical Rankings, while date of birth and maturation (partial correlation) effects were identified in the U-15 team. Although birth quartiles do not affect Physical Fitness (ANOVA), it may favour some Physical Fitness components (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The greater risk of Relative Age Effect in younger teams is due to the greater emphasis on technical skills. When date of birth and maturation are controlled for, the association between Technical Rankings and birth quartiles is reduced. There was no evidence that Relative Age Effect affected the players’ game performance.

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“…Durante os principais estágios de desenvolvimento psicobiológico do ser humano, ou seja, na infância e a adolescência, os indivíduos são universalmente divididos em grupos etários cronológicos com base em uma data de corte específica, via de regra, considerando o ano de nascimento. A justificativa desse fato é garantir oportunidades igualitárias de desenvolvimento (MUJIKA et al, 2009;MASSA et al, 2014). No contexto do esporte, essencialmente nas categorias de base, esse fato se repete.…”

Section: O Efeito Da Idade Relativa No Futebolunclassified

“…Nesse sentido, o modelo atual de categorização dos atletas de base parece contribuir para a ocorrência de alta variabilidade interindividual no que se refere ao desenvolvimento biológico (MALINA et al, 2004;MASSA et al, 2014). Tal fato, em tese, pode favorecer os atletas nascidos no primeiro trimestre, pois estes apresentam maturação precoce em relação aos nascidos no último trimestre do ano.…”

Section: O Efeito Da Idade Relativa No Futebolunclassified

A influência da maturação biológica e do efeito da idade relativa no processo de seleção de talentos de jovens jogadores de futebol

Costa¹

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nascimento entre iniciantes/titulares e excluídos, com maior participação de jogadores nascidos no primeiro trimestre no grupo de iniciantes/titulares (75%) quando comparados ao grupo selecionado (50%). Também foi detectada uma concentração de testosterona mais elevada para os jogadores selecionados (172,0 ± 43,1 nmol.L -1 ) em comparação com os jogadores excluídos (130,3 ± 28,3 nmol.L -1 ). Portanto, os achados atuais sugerem uma forte influência do EIR e da maturação biológica no processo de seleção de jovens jogadores de futebol. Palavras-chave: Maturação biológica. Seleção de talentos. Efeito da idade relativa. ABSTRACT COSTA, Renato Alves da. The Influence of biological maturation and of the relative age effect in the process of talents selection of young players of soccer. 2018. 68 p. Dissertation (Master of Science) -School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2018. Original version.The biological maturation status is an important factor that influences the talent identification process and development of sports talent. Several authors have shown that different morphological and functional aspects, such as body size, speed and strength have an individual rate of development during puberty, being highly dependent on the stage of sexual maturation. Given this influence of biological maturation on the talent identification process of young athletes, another phenomenon has been observed during this process, the Relative Age Effect (RAE). The RAE refers to the influence that the months of birth (chronological age) can result in learning and performance of a given task in young people. Therefore, following the assumption of the RAE, subjects born in the first quarters of the year could provide biological advantages (eg. hormones), physical (eg. height, weight, strength, etc.), cognitive, psychological and learning about the same subject chronological age born in the last months of the year. These variations could affect performance, causing overestimation of the results observed during the talent identification process. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the biological maturation and RAE between young athletes selected for training programs in football long term. Therefore, in the first instance will be assessed youth soccer players participating in the talent selection process for entry into the under-14 category of a football club, with national and international prominence. In the second phase will be collected the same variables in the group of young people selected to make the under-14 team of the club. The parameters are: month of birth, level of sexual maturity, testosterone, body composition, and overall strength (grip hand). In general, the results allowed to conclude that there is a strong presence of EIR in the sample investigated of soccer players showing a different birth date distribution was observed between starters and dismissed players with a greater participation of players born in the first trimester in the starters group (75%) when compared to th...

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Efeito da idade relativa no Futebol: o estudo de caso do São Paulo Futebol Clube

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Are soccer players born later in the year more technically skilled than those born earlier in the year

Are soccer players born later in the year more technically skilled than those born earlier in the year

The relative age effect in Brazilian soccer: so what?

A influência da maturação biológica e do efeito da idade relativa no processo de seleção de talentos de jovens jogadores de futebol

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