A influência da maturação biológica e do efeito da idade relativa no processo de seleção de talentos de jovens jogadores de futebol

Abstract

nascimento entre iniciantes/titulares e excluídos, com maior participação de jogadores nascidos no primeiro trimestre no grupo de iniciantes/titulares (75%) quando comparados ao grupo selecionado (50%). Também foi detectada uma concentração de testosterona mais elevada para os jogadores selecionados (172,0 ± 43,1 nmol.L -1 ) em comparação com os jogadores excluídos (130,3 ± 28,3 nmol.L -1 ). Portanto, os achados atuais sugerem uma forte influência do EIR e da maturação biológica no processo de seleção de jovens jogadores de futebol. Palavras-chave: Maturação biológica. Seleção de talentos. Efeito da idade relativa. ABSTRACT COSTA, Renato Alves da. The Influence of biological maturation and of the relative age effect in the process of talents selection of young players of soccer. 2018. 68 p. Dissertation (Master of Science) -School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2018. Original version.The biological maturation status is an important factor that influences the talent identification process and development of sports talent. Several authors have shown that different morphological and functional aspects, such as body size, speed and strength have an individual rate of development during puberty, being highly dependent on the stage of sexual maturation. Given this influence of biological maturation on the talent identification process of young athletes, another phenomenon has been observed during this process, the Relative Age Effect (RAE). The RAE refers to the influence that the months of birth (chronological age) can result in learning and performance of a given task in young people. Therefore, following the assumption of the RAE, subjects born in the first quarters of the year could provide biological advantages (eg. hormones), physical (eg. height, weight, strength, etc.), cognitive, psychological and learning about the same subject chronological age born in the last months of the year. These variations could affect performance, causing overestimation of the results observed during the talent identification process. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the biological maturation and RAE between young athletes selected for training programs in football long term. Therefore, in the first instance will be assessed youth soccer players participating in the talent selection process for entry into the under-14 category of a football club, with national and international prominence. In the second phase will be collected the same variables in the group of young people selected to make the under-14 team of the club. The parameters are: month of birth, level of sexual maturity, testosterone, body composition, and overall strength (grip hand). In general, the results allowed to conclude that there is a strong presence of EIR in the sample investigated of soccer players showing a different birth date distribution was observed between starters and dismissed players with a greater participation of players born in the first trimester in the starters group (75%) when compared to th...