Atividade inseticida in vitro do óleo de sementes de nim sobre Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Abstract

Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. The objective was to evaluate the effect of oil from (Azadirachta indica) neem seeds on eggs, larvae and adults of the vector. The insects were captured in the field and kept in the laboratory at +/- 27 °C and 80% relative humidity. Five treatments with different concentrations were performed using two negative controls (distilled water and Tween 80) and a positive control. The eggs were sprayed with the oil at different concentrations and the number of hatched larvae evaluated for 10 days. Mortality of larvae was observed to pupation and adult mortality was observed after 24, 48, and 72 hours. Statistical analysis was performed by Tukey test at 5% probability. The highest oil concentration of eggs obtained 65.16 +/- 3.24% efficacy for reducing egg hatching. The test with larvae showed 67.75 +/- 2.21% efficacy at a concentration of 100 mg.mL⁻¹. In adults, the efficacy of the 100 mg.mL⁻¹ concentration was 96.64 +/- 4.11% after 24 hours. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of triterpenes. These results demonstrate the potential use of this oil in the control of this vector.

Knowledge of the Population about Visceral Leishmaniasis Transmission in Endemic Areas near the Banks of the Mossoró River in Northeastern Brazil

“…It is possible that the absence of plants with repellent or insecticidal qualities around homes can be a factor that maintains the presence of insects near the home when associated with the other environmental factors. According to a study, of insecticidal plants, oil from the seeds of Acalypha indica , popularly known as neem, has an insecticidal effect on the three stages of development of L. longipalpis , and this plant is easily grown in tropical regions [ 23 ]. An Ethiopian study of the neem plant concluded that the application of neem oil may be safe for personal use as a low-cost protective measure against sand fly bites for people living in endemic areas [ 24 ].…”

Plant extracts in the control of plant pathogens seeds and fusariosis in okra

“…And according to Silva et al (2012) and Gomes et al (2016), cinnamon has antifungal and antibacterial activity and its main is compound eugenol, a substance with high antimicrobial power. Neem contains azadirachtin, considered a very important compound to which are attributed insecticide and antifungal actions, in synergy with other triterpenoids, geduinas, neembinm and limonoides (Maciel et al, 2010;Kasper et al, 2018).…”