Dynamics of the interaction between body fluid and Ti cp: the influence of surface functionalization in the first stages of osseointegration

Abstract

Introduction: Regenerative therapies using biomaterials require accurate information on interactions between the implanted material and the human body. To improve the process of bone regeneration it is necessary to obtain a better understanding of the influence of the surfaces on the early stages of osseointegration. This work aims to investigate the dynamic interaction between simulated body fluid (SBF) and titanium surfaces (Ti cp) immediately after their first contact. Methods: Ti cp samples were passed through physicochemical treatments after immersion in acid solution, alkaline solution and solutions containing TiO 2 and Ca 2+ , to obtain three different surfaces. These were characterized by electron microscopy and free energy estimates. The evaluation of the interaction with SBF was performed by measuring the dynamic contact angles after contacting the surfaces. Results: The effects of SBF wettability were more significant on surfaces according to high energy estimates. A comparative analysis of the three types of surfaces showed that fluid spreading was greater in samples with greater polar components, indicating that the surface nature influences interactions in the early stages of osseointegration. Conclusion: The results indicate the influence of polar interactions in the dynamic wettability of the SBF. It is possible that these interactions can also influence cellular viability on surfaces. Based on these results, new experiments are being designed to improve the presented methodology as a tool for the evaluation of biomaterials without the need for in vivo experiments.

Effects of negatively and positively charged Ti metal surfaces on ceramic coating adhesion and cell response

“…However, more cells were observed on negatively charged surfaces. On the other hand, the quantitative analyses that employed fibroblast cells revealed that the negatively charged surfaces with small contact angles inhibited biocompatibility of Ti6Al4V, while the positively charged surfaces with larger contact angles inhibited the cell response on cp-Ti, as reported in previous studies conducted with the same methodology [25]. The high hydrophilicity obtained by the negatively charged surface was not effective for some Ti-based alloys.…”

“…The samples were submerged in the solution, subjected to a thermal treatment at 700°C and labeled A3 and B3. The synthesis and thermal annealing processes provided a ceramic of multicrystalline phases and reduced strain-stress lattice defects [24,25]. The adhesion and stability of the coatings on the acid and alkaline substrates was investigated by strength tests, performed by a Pull-off adhesion tester (PosiTest AT-D, DeFelsko Corporation, Ogdensburg, USA) in accordance with international standards ASTM D4541/D7234, AS/NZS 1580.408.5 and ISO 4624/16276-1e.…”