Chronology of Quartzitic Slopes From Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

Quartzitic mountain reliefs developed in a tropical savanna climate tend to have shallow sedimentary deposits. This is due to low level weathering processes of quartzite rocks and formation of colluvium ramps on the slopes. This study aims to determine the characteristics of colluvial materials, particularly grain size, and to analyze sediment chronology above the saprolite, seeking to identify accumulation rates and make correlations with the dynamics of the recent geomorphological evolution of the Canastra range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples collected in different morphological positions were submitted to granulometric analysis and dated by Optically Stimulated Luminescence Single Aliquote Regeneration (OSL/SAR) and radiocarbon dating. Grain size analysis showed a predominance of sandy and gravel materials and demonstrated that the colluvial ramps in the study area contain materials derived from the decomposition of quartzite rocks, accumulated in shallow and sandy profiles. LOE/SAR dating indicated ages between the end of the Pleistocene, not exceeding 30,500 +/- 4,950 BP, to 500 years BP, whereas the 14C dating showed ages between 4460 +/- 30 BP and 1140 +/- 30 BP. These data indicate that the deposits from the study area are relatively recent, which demonstrate that variations in the weathering process and deposit formation have undergone recent changes, probably due to climatic fluctuations and changes in the regional hydrological regime. Keywords: Canastra Range, Paleogeomorphological Reconstruction, Weathering of Quartzites, OSL, Tropical Range