Atletas De Pentatlo Militar Feminino Com Melhor Composição Corporal Apresentam Melhor Desempenho Na Modalidade

Abstract

RESUMOCom a recente ampliação do público feminino nas forças armadas, cresce a necessidade de estudos sobre a seleção e o treinamento das atletas militares brasileiras. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar as características antropométricas das atletas de Pentatlo Militar da equipe do Exército, e identificar quais variáveis estão presentes nas atletas de melhor desempenho na modalidade. Foram coletados os dados antropométricos e de desempenho atlético (seletiva para os 6º Jogos Mundiais Militares 2015) de cinco atletas de Pentatlo Militar do Exército e foram realizadas análises de grupamentos (Cluster). Foi observada a existência de dois grupos quanto à composição corporal: o formado pelas atletas com os maiores valores de massa livre de gordura e circunferência muscular do braço, bem como menores valores de soma de dobras cutâneas e percentual de gordura, pertenciam ao grupo de melhores atletas quanto a rendimento nas provas. Esse comportamento não foi observado para dimensões corporais. Palavras-chave: Rendimento. Gordura subcutânea. Tamanho corporal. ABSTRACTThe recent increase of the women working for the military forces augments the need for studies that aim to optimize the selection and training of Brazilian athletes. The aim of the present study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics of female Military Pentathlon Army team, and identify which variables present the best values within the best performance athletes group. We collected anthropometric and performance data (selective for the 6th Military World Games) from five athletes of female Military Pentathlon Army team and data were analized by cluster analysis. It has been detected two groups in terms of body composition: one composed by the athletes with the highest fat free mass values and arm muscle circumference, as well as smaller sum of skinfold values and fat percentage which also composed the group of top athletic performance athletes. This fact was not observed for body size variables.

Female military pentathlon athletes and scientific research - a mini-review

“…Although no statistical test was applied, it could be noticed that many athletes did not reach the recommended values, and that the energy intake did not always match the energy expenditure 21,22 , causing low values of energy availability 22 . This fact added to the low adiposity values observed by Schramm et al 8 and Neves and Mainenti 18 are frequently observed in women with RED-S/female athlete triad, showing that female military pentathlon athletes seem to be at risk of this syndrome.…”

“…A short description of each of the 14 articles reviewed 8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] is presented in Table 2 in chronological order, along with their features and results. Publication date ranged from 2007 to 2021, showing that female military pentathlon is a very recent field of study (14 years, with 64.29%, of the studies published in the last five years).…”

“…Another study from our group, with the same sample (female athletes that participated in the 6 th WMG), was published in 2017, investigating the association between military pentathlon performance and anthropometric data 8 . We did some clusters of athletes considering performance, body composition, and body size variables.…”

“…It is composed of shooting with a standard rifle, obstacle run, obstacle swimming, throwing, and cross country 7 . Because of this specific characteristic, it is a high valued discipline in the military field 8 .…”