<b>Productivity and Chemical composition of food type soybean in different sowing dates

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different sowing dates on the yield, 100-grain weight, oil, protein and isoflavone contents of food-type soybean breeding lines UEL 110, UEL 115 and UEL 123 and a cultivar BRS 257. The materials were seeded on four sowing dates, and the experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The productivity and 100-grain weight varied with the sowing dates and soybean genotypes. The protein content ranged from 36.40 to 42.44%, and the oil content ranged from 18.29 to 22.71%. No significant interaction was found between the genotype and sowing dates for the protein content. The isoflavone content also varied with the sowing dates and soybean genotypes. The cultivar BRS 257 had the highest isoflavone content, including the β-glucoside, malonyl glucoside and aglycones forms. The different sowing dates influenced the productivity, 100-grain weight, oil and protein content and isoflavone levels. Higher temperatures and lower rainfall during the grain filling decreased the productivity and isoflavone content and increased the protein content. For all sowing dates, the BRS 257 soybean food-type cultivar showed the highest isoflavone content, indicating that the effect of genotype is more important.Keywords: soybean, oil, protein, isoflavones.Produtividade e composição química de soja tipo alimento em diferentes épocas de semeadura RESUMO. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito das diferentes épocas de semeadura na produtividade, massa de 100 grãos, teor de proteínas, óleo e isoflavonas de linhagens de soja tipo alimento UEL 110, UEL 115 e UEL 123 e cultivar BRS 257. O material foi semeado em quatro épocas de semeadura e o experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. A produtividade e a massa de 100 grãos variaram com a época de semeadura e com os diferentes genótipos. O teor de proteínas variou de 36,40 a 42,44% e o de óleo de 18,29 a 22,71%. Não foi encontrada interação entre genótipo e épocas de semeadura para o teor de proteínas. O teor de isoflavonas variou com as épocas de semeadura e com os genótipos. A cultivar BRS 257 apresentou maior teor de β-glicosídeos, malonil-glicosídeos e agliconas. As diferentes épocas de semeadura influenciam a produtividade, massa de 100 grãos, conteúdo de óleo, proteínas e isoflavonas. Altas temperaturas e baixas precipitações durante o enchimento dos grãos reduzem a produtividade e teor de isoflavonas e aumentam o teor de proteínas. A cultivar BRS 257 apresenta o maior teor de isoflavonas indicando que o efeito genético é mais importante.Palavras-chave: soja, óleo, proteína, isoflavonas.

Oil and protein content in the grain of soybean cultivars at different sowing seasons

“…The results are similar with those found by Albrecht et al (2008), which verified higher protein content in the grains when the sowing season was prolonged, a fact related to climatic conditions (Freiria et al, 2016). In Santa Rosa, at sowing in 11/15 except for the cultivar 8579RSF IPRO, which presented the lowest mean, the other cultivars presented higher and similar means between them.…”

“…The climatic variations in the period of dry matter transfer in the grain can alter the physiology of the cultivar and alter the concentrations of protein in the grain (Pípolo, 2002;Albrecht et al, 2008, Freiria et al, 2016 promoting acceleration in maturation by reducing the plant's accumulation period (Smiderle et al, 2009). …”

Protein, lipid and isoflavone contents of food-type soybean lines at two sowing dates

“…Al-Tawaha and Seguin (2006) working with the sowing date, row spacing, and weed effects on soybean isoflavone concentrations and some other characteristics, concluded that environmental and agronomic factors greatly impact these compounds. Freiria et al (2016) also verified the influence of the sowing data on the chemical composition of food-type soybean genotypes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the interactions between food-type soybean lines and two sowing dates on the protein, oil and isoflavone contents.…”

“…High temperatures during the grain-filling stage increase the oil content and influence the amino acid composition by increasing the methionine level, which is desirable for human nutrition (BARROS; 1541 Protein, lipid andisoflavone… FREIRIA, G. H. et al SEDIYAMA, 2009). On the other hand, high temperatures during the pod-filling stage decrease the isoflavone content (CARRÃO-PANIZZI et al, 2003;ZHANG et al, 2014;FREIRIA et al, 2016). Hoeck et al (2000) showed that the genotype, genotype by year, genotype by location, and genotype by year by location interactions were all significant for total and individual isoflavone concentrations.…”

Protein content in Glycine max grains influenced by the mixed inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense

“…No cenário produtivo atual, o Brasil é o segundo maior produtor de soja do mundo, ficando atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos, com um volume de produção de 96,5 e 106,96 milhões de toneladas nas safras 2015/2016, respectivamente (Freiria, 2016).…”