<b>The production of <i>Physalis</i> spp. seedlings grown under different-colored shade nets

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of seedlings of Physalis L. species under different-colored shade nets. Four shade nets individually stained white, blue, red and black, all with 50% shading, were used in this study, and an additional treatment (control) was used in which seedlings were grown in full sun. The study examined four species of Physalis, namely, P. peruviana, P. pubescens, P. minima and P. ixocarpa. The experiment followed a randomized block design with three blocks and 25 seeds per plot. The species were sown in styrofoam trays. Germination was monitored daily to calculate the Emergency Velocity Index (EVI) and stabilize the overall percentage of emergence. Height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area index and dry mass of seedlings were assessed at 50 days after sowing. The study found that these species react differently to changes in the light spectrum. Seedlings of P. peruviana should be grown under a white or red shade net; of P. pubescens under a white or black shade net; of P. minima under a white, red or black shade net; and of P. ixocarpa under a white shade net. For all species, 50% shade should be used.Keywords: Physalis L., sexual propagation, seedling morphology, light spectrum. Produção de mudas de espécies de Physalis cultivadas sob diferentes colorações de telas fotoconversorasRESUMO. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho, avaliar a produção de mudas de espécies pertencentes ao gênero Physalis L. sob telas fotoconversoras de diferentes colorações. Foram utilizadas quatro telas fotoconversoras, nas colorações branca, azul, vermelha e preta, todas com 50% de sombreamento, além de um tratamento a pleno sol (controle), e quatro espécies de Physalis: P. peruviana, P. pubescens, P. minima e P. ixocarpa. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso contendo três blocos com 25 sementes em cada tratamento por parcela experimental. As espécies foram semeadas em bandejas de isopor. Acompanhou-se a germinação diariamente, para cálculo do Índice de velocidade de germinação (IVE) e ao estabilizar, calculou-se a porcentagem total de emergência. Aos 50 dias avaliou-se, altura, diâmetro do colo, número de folhas, índice de área foliar e massa seca das mudas. Concluiu-se que as espécies estudadas reagem de forma diferente à modificação do espectro luminoso. Mudas de P. peruviana devem ser formadas sob telado branco ou vermelho, de P. pubescens sob telado branco ou preto, de P. minima em telado branco, vermelho ou preto e de P. ixocarpa sob telado branco, com 50% de sombreamento.Palavras-chave: Physalis L., propagação sexuada, morfologia de mudas, espectro luminoso.

Biometric characteristics of fruits and physiological characterization of seeds of Physalis species (Solanaceae)

“…Due the nutraceutical and ornamental characteristics of the fruits and the medicinal potential of parts of the plants make this crop commercially exploited (Rufato et al, 2008), such as P. peruviana, which has been considered the most economically important in subtropical regions (Silva et al, 2016a), and their growing conditions and productivity are being investigated by several research groups in Brazil. Still little known and used in Brazil, the P. ixocarpa species shows considerable agricultural importance due to the quality and diversity of the fruits produced, being enough consumed in Mexico, considered the great distribution center.…”

“…Planting density and spectral light quality studies have been carried out to evaluate the potential and the success of cultivation in Brazilian subtropical areas with P. peruviana (Moura et al, 2016a(Moura et al, , 2016bSilva et al, 2016aSilva et al, , 2016b. The quality of fruits produced in open area systems and dense plantations resulted in better quality fresh weight, anthocyanins, vitamin C, soluble solids, and sugars such as sucrose and glucose (Moura et al, 2016a).…”

“…The Physalis genus includes around 100 species and they are recognized in the family Solanaceae due to the presence permanent and inflated calyx in the fruit it can become yellow or orange when ripe (Whitson & Manos 2005;Silva et al 2016a) and contain a large number of seeds, considered the main means of propagation. The seeds show high viability (Rufato et al 2008;Souza 2015) and can be conserved for many years in appropriated conditions of the low humidity and temperature control (Souza et al, 2014).…”

Teste de raios X na avaliação da qualidade de sementes de Physalis peruviana L. em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento

“…Atualmente é consumida como fruto exótico no Brasil, porém tem tido seu cultivo expandido gradativamente principalmente nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, devido a suas muitas propriedades nutracêuticas e medicinais, além de apresentar grande potencial econômico dentro da fruticultura (SILVA et al 2013;SILVA et al 2016).…”

Desenvolvimento inicial de espécies de fisális submetidas a ambientes de cultivo

“…In FOP environment, the species had lower leaf area, when grown in other environments. The leaf area is considered a limiting factor; because it becomes a fruit productivity index of, given the importance of photosynthetic organs in organic production plant (SILVA et al 2016b). Table 6 shows the coefficients of simple correlation, where they took into consideration all the comments obtained for each variable in a generalized manner.…”