<b>Estimation of genetic distance among genotypes of caraway (<i>Carum carvi</i> L.) using RAPD-PCR

Abstract

ABSTRACT. In order to estimate genetic diversity among starting materials and breeding strains of caraway, a collection of 17 accessions from botanical gardens in Europe, two cultivars 'Rekord' and 'Kończewicki', and four own breeding strains were analyzed by RAPD-PCR. The representative samples, each of five individual plants of accession, cultivar or strain, were taken from young rosette leaves. Forty of Genset Oligos RAPD primers were used for analysis and eight of them produced clear and reproducible banding patterns. In total, 62 banding patterns were obtained revealing 23 polymorphic bands, whereas the number of polymorphic bands ranged from two to four for one primer. The GS12 and GS43 primers generated two polymorphic bands, while each of the GS8, GS21, GS22, GS41 and GS53 primers generated three bands. The GS53 primer was the most informative one, revealing 60% of the estimated polymorphism. The estimated value of genetic distance ranged from 0.22 to 0.67. The lowest genetic distance was found between accessions from Cluj and Lousanne (0.22). The highest genetic distance was estimated between accession from Berlin and the strain no. 6 of cultivar 'Kończewicki' (0.67). UPGMA cluster analysis, based on eight RAPD primers, categorized the analyzed genotypes into four groups.Keywords: Carum carvi L., genetic distance, genotype, RAPD.Determinação da distância genética entre os genótipos de cominho (Carum carvi L.) por RAPD-PCR RESUMO. Dezessete acessos oriundos de hortos botânicos na Europa, dois cultivares Rekord e Kończewicki, e quatro cepas foram analisados por RAPD-PCR para determinar a diversidade genética entre os materiais incipientes e as cepas do cominho. As amostras com cinco plantas individuais de acessos, cultivares ou cepas derivaram-se de jovens folhas em roseta. Quarenta Genset Oligos RAPD primers foram usados para análise, dos quais oito produziram padrões claros e reproduzíveis de banda. Sessenta e dois padrões de bandas foram obtidos, revelando 23 bandas polimórficas, enquanto o número de bandas polimórficas chegou entre dois a quatro para um primer. Os primers GS12 e GS43 prodiziram duas bandas polimórficas, enquanto cada um dos primers GS8, GS21, GS22, GS41 and GS53 gerou três bandas. O primer mais informativo foi GS53, revelando 60% do polimorfismo estimado. A distância genética estava entre 0,22 e 0,67. A menor distância genética encontrou-se entre os acessos oriundos de Cluj e Lousanne (0,22) e a maior distância genética foi estimada entre o acesso oriundo de Berlin e a cepa 6 do cultivar 'Kończewicki' (0,67). A análise de agrupamento UPGMA, baseada em oito RAPD primers, colocou os genótipos analisados em quatro grupos.Palavras-chave: Carum carvi L., distância genética, genótipo, RAPD.

Assessment of Genetic Relationships in Breeding Lines and Cultivars of Brassica napus and Their Implications for Breeding Winter Oilseed Rape

“…Breeders have made crosses between selected but restricted number of double low rapeseed genotypes within the breeding gene pool. Today, molecular restriction fragment length polymorphism, RAPD, AFLP, single sequence repeat, and single-nucleotide polymorphism markers have been extensively used for the estimation of genetic distance or genetic similarity and provide more information than is available from pedigree information (Irzykowska and Bocianowski, 2008;Krzymińska et al, 2008;Wolko et al, 2010;Bus et al, 2011;Bocianowski and Seidler-Łożykowska, 2012;Irzykowska et al, 2012Irzykowska et al, , 2013Seidler-Łożykowska et al, 2014;Varghese et al, 2014;Abbasi et al, 2015). The objective of this study was to characterize the levels and patterns of genetic similarity among the 101 B. napus genotypes of different origin using selected AFLP primer combinations.…”

Breeding synthetic varieties in annual caraway: observations on the outcrossing rate in a polycross using a high-throughput genotyping system

“…To date, only randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for genetic analysis of caraway (Bocianowski and Seidler-Lozykowska 2012;Laribi et al 2011;Seidler-Lozykowska et al 2014). A reference genome is not available for caraway.…”

Growth and yield of caraway plants (Carum carvi l.) As influenced by organic fertilizer and moringa leaves extract under newly reclaimed soils.

“…Its fruitsare a schizocarp and called commonly as seeds with characteristic flavor and aroma (Iacobellis et al, 2005). The seeds have many uses in foods, soft drinksand they have allelopathic potential.Its oil has distinct antifungal, antioxidant and antibacterial properties as well as having a wide range of uses in pharmaceutical, cosmetics and health care industry (Seidler-Łozykowska et al, 2014).It is known that the growth, yield and composition of volatile oil are genetically determined, but it also depends on the soil and climatic conditions during stages of growth, fruit formation and ripening (Sedlakova et al, 2003). Agro technique is also very important for the growing of this plant, among which are growing media and fertilization (NurzyĔska-Wierdak, 2013).…”