Trombose Mecânica da Válvula Mitral em Paciente com Infecção por COVID-19

Comprehensive collection of COVID-19 related prosthetic valve failure: a systematic review

“…The eight COVID-19-related PVT cases documented in this paper include valve type (mitral versus aortic) and prosthesis type (bioprosthetic versus mechanical). Of these cases, five involved prostheses in the mitral valve position, three of which were mechanical [ 5 – 7 ] and two were bioprosthetic [ 8 , 9 ]; three of the eight cases involved aortic valve prostheses, one being mechanical [ 10 ] and two being surgical bioprosthetic valves [ 11 , 12 ] (Table 1 ). Seven of eight patients had symptoms of dyspnea or hypoxia [ 5 – 9 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…In these eight total cases incident PVT was associated with simultaneous or recent COVID-19 infection. All patients in these cases tested positive for COVID-19 within two months prior to the PVT diagnosis; three PVT cases were diagnosed during hospitalization with COVID-19 [ 7 , 10 , 12 ]. Additionally, five cases occurred greater than three years after the most recent valve replacement [ 5 – 8 , 10 ], and the other three bioprosthetic valves failed within eight months of valve replacement [ 9 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Of the six cases that included, inflammatory markers were noted to be increased when included in the case reports – including elevated D-dimer [ 5 , 7 , 8 , 10 – 12 ], ranging from 372 ng/mL [ 10 ] to 6893 ng/mL [ 5 ].…”

“…Five of eight cases described severe COVID-19 infection including hospitalization with associated respiratory distress and associated abnormal lung findings seen on imaging [ 5 – 8 , 11 ]; one case further developed measured pulmonary hypertension and respiratory failure [ 5 ], one developed pulmonary edema subsequent to supraventricular tachycardia [ 7 ] and one developed pulmonary congestion with pleural effusion [ 8 ]. In addition to PVT, two of the eight cases documented other thrombotic events also presumed to be associated with COVID-19 infection: Manghat et al diagnosed pulmonary embolism, embolic myocardial infarction, and symptoms of retinal artery embolism, and Llopis Gisbert et al also included pulmonary embolism.…”

“…All patients in these cases tested positive for COVID-19 within two months prior to the PVT diagnosis; three PVT cases were diagnosed Fig. 1 Results from systematic PubMed literature review using search terms: "COVID and aortic valve", "COVID and mitral valve", "COVID and tricuspid valve", and "COVID and pulmonic valve" during hospitalization with COVID-19 [7,10,12]. Additionally, five cases occurred greater than three years after the most recent valve replacement [5][6][7][8]10], and the other three bioprosthetic valves failed within eight months of valve replacement [9,11,12].…”