Sinus computed tomography findings in patients with COVID-19

Sumi, Daniel Vaccaro; Loureiro, Rafael Maffei; Collin, Simon M.; Deps, Patrícia Duarte; Bezerra, Lorena Lima; Gomes, Regina Lúcia Elia; Daniel, Mauro Miguel

doi:10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ao6255

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our investigation aligns with existing literature in finding that severe mucosal thickening is not a hallmark of COVID-19, indicating a wide variation in mucosal thickening among affected individuals [ 13 ]. The specific analysis of anosmia patients revealed a marginally higher, albeit statistically insignificant, level of mucosal thickening compared to non-anosmic individuals, suggesting a complex interplay between mucosal thickening and anosmia that may not solely be attributed to structural changes detectable by imaging.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Our findings contribute to an ongoing discourse within the scientific community regarding the relationship between COVID-19 and paranasal sinus involvement. For instance, the work of Sumi et al examined mucosal thickening across different sinus regions, uncovering significant variability and demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2-positive patients did not exhibit markedly different mucosal thickening scores from those uninfected by the virus [ 13 ]. This observation suggests that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 alone does not necessarily predispose individuals to increased mucosal thickening in the sinuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anosmia in COVID-19: Investigating the Role of Paranasal Sinus Mucosal Thickening

Sampath,

Thiyagarajan,

Tamilarasan

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background Anosmia has been identified as a distinctive symptom of COVID-19, leading to hypotheses about its pathophysiological underpinnings, including the potential role of paranasal sinus mucosal thickening. Objective To investigate the association between paranasal sinus mucosal thickening and anosmia in COVID-19 patients, providing insights into the complex clinical manifestations of the disease. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed CT paranasal sinus from 270 confirmed COVID-19 patients, divided into those with anosmia (n = 23, 8.52%) and those without anosmia (n = 247, 91.48%). Statistical analysis, including independent t-tests, was employed to compare mucosal thickening between the groups. Results The study found an average mucosal thickening of 0.03 in patients with anosmia and 0.02 in those without, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.480, which is greater than 0.05). The findings suggest that mucosal thickening in the paranasal sinuses does not serve as a definitive correlate of anosmia among COVID-19 patients. Conclusion The absence of a significant correlation between paranasal sinus mucosal thickening and anosmia in COVID-19 patients indicates that the pathophysiology of anosmia may involve factors beyond anatomical changes, including direct viral effects and systemic inflammatory responses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anosmia in COVID-19: Investigating the Role of Paranasal Sinus Mucosal Thickening

Sampath,

Thiyagarajan,

Tamilarasan

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Furthermore, hyphal growth into the vessel lumen leads to thrombosis 12 . Upper airway symptoms are relatively rare when compared with pulmonary symptoms among COVID‐19 patients, 26 so the development of upper airway symptoms should raise the suspicion about the development of AIFS that originates in the nasal cavity and progresses to the paranasal sinuses, and this explains why nasal obstruction or thick dirty discharge was a frequent symptom in 18 patients (72%) in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

COVID‐19‐associated acute invasive fungal sinusitis: Clinical and imaging findings

Elmokadem

Bayoumi

Mansour

et al. 2022

Journal of Neuroimaging

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Background and Purpose:The purpose is to provide a comprehensive report describing the clinical and imaging features of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) and associated comorbidities. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 25 patients (12 males and 13 females, mean age of 53.9±9.1 years). All patients had positive polymerase chain reaction test for COVID-19 and histopathological proof of AIFS. Patients underwent computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance examinations to assess sinonasal, orbital, and cranial spread. Results:The most prevalent comorbidity among the study cohort was diabetes mellitus (DM). Twenty-one patients (84%) were diagnosed in the post-COVID-19 period after hospital discharge, with a mean interval of 19.1±9.2 days. Steroid treatment was given to 19 patients (76%). Orbital manifestations were the presenting symptoms in all patients, followed by facial edema, nasal discharge, and neurological symptoms. Sinonasal involvement ranged from mucosal thickening to complete sinus opacification by a predominant isodensity on CT, low T1, and high T2 signal intensity with variable enhancement patterns.Twenty-four patients had a unilateral orbital extension, and 12 patients showed signs of intracranial extension. Bone involvement was detected in 16 patients (64%). Follow-up scans in 18 patients (72%) showed rapid progression of the disease. Eight patients (32%) died, six from neurological complications and two from severe respiratory failure. Conclusion: Steroids, DM, and severe COVID-19 are the major risk factors of AIFS in the post-COVID-19 era. Imaging scans in all patients revealed different sinonasal, facial, orbital features, and intracranial involvement with rapid progression of the findings on follow-up scans.

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“…M. leprae , by invading the nasal mucosa of the individual, can compromise the olfactory bulb in the early stages of the disease, causing olfactory dysfunction and a reduction in the volume of the olfactory bulb, triggering hyposmia or anosmia 14 . Anosmia was a clinical sign reported by 45% of patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 in a serological survey conducted in Brazil 15 consistent with the worldwide prevalence in COVID‐19 of 38% 16 . In our study, 85% of co‐infected patients reported anosmia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hansen's disease and COVID‐19 co‐infection in Brazil

et al. 2022

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Background The implications of COVID‐19 co‐infection in patients under treatment for Hansen's disease (HD, leprosy) remain uncertain. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes in patients with HD and COVID‐19 in Brazil. Methods Cross‐sectional study recruiting adult HD patients with PCR‐confirmed COVID‐19 from five HD treatment centers in Brazil between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021. At the time of this study, no patient had received COVID‐19 vaccine. Results Of 1377 patients under treatment for HD, 70 (5.1%) were diagnosed with COVID‐19. Of these, 41 (58.6%) had PCR‐confirmed COVID‐19, comprising 19 men and 22 women, aged 24–67 (median 45) years. HD was multibacillary in 39/41 patients. Eight patients ceased WHO Multi‐Drug Therapy for HD, three for lack of drugs, two because of COVID‐19, and three for other reasons. Of the 33 who continued treatment, 26 were on the standard regimen and seven an alternative regimen. Seventeen patients were receiving oral prednisone, including nine patients with type 1 reaction, four with type 2 reaction, three with neuritis, and one with rheumatologic disease. Twelve patients were hospitalized for COVID‐19, and six patients died, of whom three had hypertension and one also had type 2 diabetes and obesity. Conclusions COVID‐19 and Hansen's disease co‐infection did not appear to change the clinical picture of either disease in this cross‐sectional study. The wider impact of the pandemic on persons affected by HD requires follow‐up and monitoring.

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Sinus computed tomography findings in patients with COVID-19

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Anosmia in COVID-19: Investigating the Role of Paranasal Sinus Mucosal Thickening

Anosmia in COVID-19: Investigating the Role of Paranasal Sinus Mucosal Thickening

COVID‐19‐associated acute invasive fungal sinusitis: Clinical and imaging findings

Hansen's disease and COVID‐19 co‐infection in Brazil

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