Inorganic and Organic Acids in the Atmosphere of the Urban Area of the City of Salvador, Brazil

Cruz, Lícia P. S.; Mota, Elisvan R.; Campos, Vânia Palmeira; Santana, Franciele O.; Luz, Sâmeque R.; Santos, Daniela F.

doi:10.21577/0103-5053.20180227

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…10 I, correlations between the different ions of the coarse fraction can be observed. In the 2nd quadrant, an acute angle (Cruz et al 2019) is observed between F − and Cl − (that presented a 2D correlation of R 2 =0.58). Also between NO 3 − , NO 2 , and oxalate, correlation is observed, which may indicate the similarity of their emission sources as well as the secondary formation of the ions with the participation of NO 2 .…”

Section: Pca Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

Chemical and morpho-structural characterization of atmospheric aerosol (PM10 and PM2.5) in a city of São Paulo state, Brazil

Franzin

Guizellini

Hojo

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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To access the sources of air pollutants is crucial to control atmospheric pollution in urban areas, minimizing human exposure. Particulate matter is a pollutant of great concern making its chemical and morpho-structural characterization of enormous importance. The present work aims at the characterization of atmospheric PM 10 and PM 2.5 . Data of the aerosol mass concentration was correlated by multivariate analysis with water-soluble ion fraction composition accessed by ion chromatography (IC), as well as with meteorological information and air mass backward trajectories. The gravimetric analysis presented average values 3 to 4 times higher than the guide values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A morpho-structural analysis by SEM/FEG coupled to EDS was also carried out identifying the coarse fraction elements from minerals and from soil resuspension organic spherical particles that originated from combustion processes as well as Ti, associated with long-distance transportation. In the fine fraction, Zn with origin probably in tires and vehicle brakes was found. These origins were confirmed by the air masses' backward trajectories obtained by the HYSPLIT model (NOAA). This study contributes to a better understanding of the complex composition of the particulate material in the atmosphere of Araraquara City, resulting from the combination of local and long-distance sources, and serves as a basis for the comparison with future studies related to the air quality at this and other regions in Brazil and in the world.

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Section: Pca Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

Chemical and morpho-structural characterization of atmospheric aerosol (PM10 and PM2.5) in a city of São Paulo state, Brazil

Franzin

Guizellini

Hojo

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The sources of OCs can either be direct or indirect which include incomplete combustion of fuels in vehicles, biomass burning, biofuels, fossil fuel, and vegetation, or formed in the atmosphere by photochemical reactions. A study by Cruz et al (2019) reported that on average, 89% of acidity in the Brazilian city Salvador was caused by OCs (48% of acetic acid and 41% of formic acid) in contrast to 11% by inorganic acids. A study of rainwater chemistry carried out in Spain by Peña et al (2002) reported that formic and acetic acids are dominant carboxylic acids in rainwater and led to 90 and 89% of acidity while oxalic and citric acids were present in lower percentages.…”

Section: The Trend Of Acid Rain Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil

Prakash

Agrawal

2022

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Due to its deleterious and large-scale effects on the ecosystem and long-range transboundary nature, acid rain has attracted the attention of scientists and policymakers. Acid rain (AR) is a prominent environmental issue that has emerged in the last hundred years. AR refers to any form of precipitation leading to a reduction in pH to less than 5.6. The prime reasons for AR formation encompass the occurrence of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), ozone (O 3 ), and organic acids in air produced by natural as well as anthropogenic activities. India, the top SO 2 emitter, also shows a continuous increase in NO 2 level responsible for AR formation. The plants being immobile unavoidably get exposed to AR which impacts the natural surrounding negatively. Plants get affected directly by AR due to reductions in growth, productivity, and yield by damaging photosynthetic mechanisms and reproductive organs or indirectly by affecting underground components such as soil and root system. Genes that play important role in plant defense under abiotic stress gets also modulated in response to acid rain. AR induces soil acidification, and disturbs the balance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, litter properties, and microbial and enzymatic activities. This article overviews the factors contributing to AR, and outlines the past and present trends of rainwater pH across the world, and its effects on plants and soil systems.

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“…Segundo Cruz et al (2019), a poluição atmosférica é considerada o principal agente de degradação do planeta. Os maiores problemas de poluição do ar derivam da liberação de gases e partículas na atmosfera e as principais fontes são os veículos e atividades industriais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

O ar que respiramos – Uma visão geral da poluição que lançamos na atmosfera

Anjos

2022

Estudos Em Direito Ambiental - Desenvolvimento, Desastres E Regulação

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Por milhões de anos a natureza internalizou na crosta terrestre diversas substancias moldando o ecossistema terrestre para a formação da vida como conhecemos. Contudo, desde a revolução industrial estamos trazendo-as à tona com o uso de combustíveis fósseis e de moléculas cada vez mais específicas para a resolução de problemas antrópicos, sem considerar seu papel na escala global. A poluição atmosférica vem sendo considerada a maior fonte de dispersão de poluentes pelo globo. O Material particulado (MP) em suspensão é a forma mais visível de poluição do ar. Embora os elementos traço representem uma pequena porção da massa do MP, eles desempenham um papel importante na saúde humana devido à sua alta toxicidade. Os polímeros são materiais constituídos por macromoléculas, estruturas químicas de alto peso molecular. Podemos classificar os plásticos como macroplásticos (maiores que 5mm) e os microplásticos (menores que 5mm), e mais recentemente os nanoplásticos (menor que 100nm). Microplásticos foram encontrados em meios bastante diversos, de solos a sistemas aquáticos (por exemplo, oceanos, rios, costas e pântanos) e tratos digestivos de vertebrados e invertebrados.

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Inorganic and Organic Acids in the Atmosphere of the Urban Area of the City of Salvador, Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Chemical and morpho-structural characterization of atmospheric aerosol (PM10 and PM2.5) in a city of São Paulo state, Brazil

Chemical and morpho-structural characterization of atmospheric aerosol (PM10 and PM2.5) in a city of São Paulo state, Brazil

Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil

O ar que respiramos – Uma visão geral da poluição que lançamos na atmosfera

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