Avoiding Liver Injury with Papaverine and Ascorbic Acid Due to Infrarenal Cross-Clamping: an Experimental Study

Abstract

ObjectiveIschemia-reperfusion injury after acute ischemia treatment is a serious condition with high mortality and morbidity. Ischemia-reperfusion injury may result in organ failure particularly in kidney, lung, liver, and heart. In our study, we investigated the effects of papaverine and vitamin C on ischemia-reperfusion injury developed in the rat liver after occlusion-reperfusion of rat aorta.Methods32 Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomized into four groups (n=8). Ischemia was induced with infrarenal aortic cross-clamping for 60 minutes; then the clamp was removed and reperfusion was allowed for 120 minutes. While the control group and the ischemia-reperfusion group did not receive any supplementary agent, two other groups received vitamin C and papaverine hydrochloride (papaverine HCL). Liver tissues were evaluated under the light microscope. Histopathological examination was assessed by Suzuki's criteria and results were compared between groups.ResultsIn ischemia-reperfusion group, severe congestion, severe cytoplasmic vacuolization, and parenchymal necrosis over 60% (score 4) were observed. In vitamin C group, mild congestion, mild cytoplasmic vacuolization and parenchymal necrosis below 30% (score 2) were found. In papaverine group, moderate congestion, moderate cytoplasmic vacuolization and parenchymal necrosis below 60% (score 3) were observed.ConclusionAn ischemia of 60 minutes induced on lower extremities causes damaging effects on hepatic tissue. Vitamin C and papaverine are helpful in reducing liver injury after acute ischemia reperfusion and may partially avoid related negative conditions.

The hepatoprotective potential of resveratrol in an experimental model of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm via oxidative stress and apoptosis

“…[ 1,29 ] Hüseyin et al reported vacuolization in hepatocytes, parenchymal necrosis, and vascular congestion. [ 30 ] Santos et al reported widespread edematous areas and vascular congestion due to aortic I/R. Those authors also reported moderate inflammation in hepatic parenchyma.…”

“…Although the tissue damage mechanism has not been fully explained in I/R studies based on clamping the infra‐renal aorta, increasing free oxygen radical production resulting from lipid peroxidation has been reported to lead to oxidative stress. [ 7,9,30 ] Şener et al reported an increase in liver tissue MDA levels, while GSH levels decreased, following I/R of the infrarenal aorta. [ 33 ] We also observed elevated MDA levels and decreased GSH levels in liver tissue.…”

Kalp İskemi-Reperfüzyonunda Vitaminlerin Rolü

“…Bunlar içerisinde vitaminler eksojen antioksidanlar grubunda yer alır. Vitaminlerin deneysel kalp iskemi reperfüzyon modellerinde antioksidan özelliğini kanıtlayan pek çok başarılı çalışma mevcuttur 8,9 .…”

“…Bu bakımdan beta kriptoksantin'in vitamin E ve astaksantine göre daha fazla kardiyoprotektif etki gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır 34 . Miyokardiyal nekroz önlenmesine yönelik farklı bir çalışmada; C vitamininin nekroz oluşumunu %30'a kadar önlediği belirtilmiştir 9 . Wallert ve arkadaşları yaptıkları çalışmada E vitamininin miyokardiyal enfarktüs boyutunda azalmalara neden olduğu gösterilmiş ancak yüzde cinsinden oran verilmemiştir.…”

Tea Grape Reduces Abdominal Aortic Occlusion-Induced Lung Injury

“…The mechanism underlying aortic occlusion-related tissue damage is not fully understood. Previous studies implicated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress [ 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 ] . Several oxidant and antioxidant molecules and enzymes are involved in oxidative stress, the levels of which increase due to lipid peroxidation (LPO) [ 8 , 9 ] .…”