The role of Vitamin D in the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection and mortality

Ilie, Petre Cristian; Stefanescu, Simina; Smith, Lee

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-21211/v1

Cited by 263 publications

(392 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…3). While recent data has shown that vitamin D levels are negatively associated with morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 cases (13,14), this is the first report of a direct inhibitory effect of calcitriol on SARS-CoV-2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…It has proven essential for host defenses against many intracellular pathogens including respiratory pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and has been shown to also possess anti-inflammatory properties (15). A recent study by Smith and colleagues (16) showed an association between vitamin D deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 associated mortality. The authors speculated that vitamin D supplementation could protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and improve patient disease outcomes (16), and our finding certainly provides credence to this hypothesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a promising candidate for COVID-19 prophylaxis

Mok

Ahidjo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (1), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020 (2). While awaiting a vaccine, several antivirals are being used to manage the disease with limited success (3, 4). To expand this arsenal, we screened 4 compound libraries: a United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug library, an angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) targeted compound library, a flavonoid compound library as well as a natural product library. Of the 121 compounds identified with activity against SARS-CoV-2, 7 were shortlisted for validation. We show for the first time that the active form of Vitamin D, calcitriol, exhibits significant potent activity against SARS-CoV-2. This finding paves the way for consideration of host-directed therapies for ring prophylaxis of contacts of SARS-CoV-2 patients.

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mentioning

confidence: 62%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a promising candidate for COVID-19 prophylaxis

Mok

Ahidjo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…This involves the passage of the polarization state near the pure-V pole (hereafter V pole) of the Poincaré sphere. Moreover, new single-pulse data (Ilie 2019) clearly show that polarization state of pulsars sometimes changes with pulse longitude in a rather special way: the mode-specific patch of flux on the Poincaré sphere moves vertically, or quasi-vertically upward or downwards. In the course of its motion, the modal patch is passing very close to the V pole of the Poincaré sphere.…”

Section: Quasi-meridional Circularization or Near-vertical Motion Thrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other cases the 'real' modes (lo-cal patches on Poincaré sphere) are indeed quasi-orthogonal (eg. Ilie et al 2020).…”

Section: Quasi-meridional Circularization or Near-vertical Motion Thrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artefacts of circumpolar cartography in radio pulsar polarization

Dyks

2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

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Single pulse data on radio pulsar polarization are traditionally presented in the form of two-dimentional greyscale patterns with the pulse longitude and polarization angle (PA) on the horizontal and vertical axis, respectively. Such diagrams reveal several enigmatic polarization effects: 1) bifurcations and loops of PA curve under central pulse components, 2) vertical spread of flux at all PA values, 3) exchange of power content between PA tracks of two orthogonal polarization modes (OPMs), and 4) peripherically-flat PA swings that span more than 180 degrees. It is shown that all these phenomena result from passage of observed polarization state near the pure-V pole of Poincaré sphere. Much of their complexity results from cartographic transformation from Poincaré sphere to the longitude-PA plane. An odd number of near-pole passage produces apparent replacement of OPMs power in the profile wings, although the same amount of flux keeps staying in each modal patch on the Poincaré sphere. The fitting of pulsar PA curves should therefore allow for transitions between the primary (strong) and secondary (weak) PA track. The Stokes-space (or Poincaré-sphere) representation of pulsar polarization data contains crucial polarization information and needs to accompany the traditional viewing if the published figures are to be fully useful for interpretation.

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Seasonal UV exposure and vitamin D: association with the dynamics of COVID‐19 transmission in Europe

et al. 2021

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Several recent studies have demonstrated that low plasma 25(OH) vitamin D levels are associated with the risk of COVID‐19 infection. The primary source of vitamin D production in humans is environmental UV radiation. In many viral respiratory diseases, peak infection rates are observed during winter due to reduced UV exposure and low temperatures. In Europe, the second wave of COVID‐19 began early in the winter of 2020. Investigating the impact of seasonal temperature and UV exposure on COVID‐19 transmission could thus aid in prevention and intervention. As such, we first performed a comprehensive meta‐analysis of all related published literature based on the association between vitamin D and COVID‐19, which supported the hypothesis that the low vitamin D level is a critical risk factor for COVID‐19 infection. Next, to understand the potential impact of seasonal UV and temperature levels on COVID‐19 cases, we analyzed meteorological data and daily COVID‐19 cases per million in the populations of 26 European countries. We observed that low temperature, UV index, and cloud‐free vitamin D UV dose (UVDVF) levels are negatively correlated with COVID‐19 prevalence in Europe. Furthermore, a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to assess the nonlinear delayed effects of individual seasonal factors on COVID‐19 cases. Such analysis highlighted the significantly delayed impact of UVDVF on the cumulative relative risk of COVID‐19 infection. The findings of this study suggest that low UV exposure can affect the required production of vitamin D in the body, which substantially influences the dynamics of COVID‐19 transmission and severity.

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The role of Vitamin D in the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection and mortality

Cited by 263 publications

References 4 publications

Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a promising candidate for COVID-19 prophylaxis

Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a promising candidate for COVID-19 prophylaxis

Artefacts of circumpolar cartography in radio pulsar polarization

Seasonal UV exposure and vitamin D: association with the dynamics of COVID‐19 transmission in Europe

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