Substitution of soybean meal for urea in diets based on deferred buffelgrass hay for feedlot sheep

Pereira, Gildênia Araújo; Oliveira, Juliana; Santos, Edson Mauro; Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto de; Araújo, Gherman Garcia Leal de; Sousa, Wandrick Hauss de; Neto, S. de Paula Homem; Cartaxo, Felipe Queiroga

doi:10.1590/rbz4720170035

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…Different from other grasses, buffel grass has a low lignin content (4.13%) (Table 1) because of its rapid growth and flowering after the rainy period. Indeed, several studies have shown that lignin is not synthesized in large amounts during its regrowth (Moreira et al ., 2007; Perazzo et al ., 2017; Pereira et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goats fed with non-protein nitrogen: ruminal bacterial community and ruminal fermentation, intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance

et al. 2020

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The current study assessed ruminal fermentation parameters and bacterial community, nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance of goats fed diets containing buffel grass hay and ruminal ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3). Five rumen-cannulated mixed-breed castrated adult goats (45 ± 2.3 kg) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design represented by five N-NH3 levels (3.43, 9.95, 17.2, 23.0 and 33.7 mg/dl). Control animals were fed hay exclusively. Other treatments were represented by ruminal infusion composed of a mixture containing urea, ammonium sulphate and casein. The increasing N-NH3 concentrations did not affect rumen fluid pH, which averaged 6.43. Rumen ammoniacal nitrogen increased linearly in response to N-NH3. Volatile fatty acids were not affected by increasing N-NH3 concentrations. A higher abundance of Ruminococcaceae (Ruminococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 and Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group) was observed in the rumen of goats infused with higher concentrations of N-NH3 (17.2 and 33.7 mg/dl N-NH3). There was a quadratic effect (P < 0.050) of N-NH3 levels on neutral detergent fibre intake with maximum values estimated at 13.7 mg/dl N-NH3. Nutrient intake, nitrogen excretion and nitrogen balance presented a positive linear effect (P < 0.050). In conclusion, 3.43 mg/dl of N-NH3 is the minimum level to maintain microbial activity, whereas the recommended level to optimize the microbial community is 14.5 mg/dl of N-NH3 in the rumen of goats fed buffel grass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goats fed with non-protein nitrogen: ruminal bacterial community and ruminal fermentation, intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance

et al. 2020

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Lipid microspheres containing urea for slow release of non-protein N in ruminant diets

et al. 2021

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ContextUrea is widely used in ruminant diets as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN), partially substituting for true protein in feed, but high levels of urea in the diet may cause toxicity.AimsThis study investigated the microencapsulation of urea in carnauba wax for slow release in the rumen to improve the N efficiency and growth of sheep.MethodsTwo microencapsulated systems were developed with urea:carnauba wax ratios (w/w) of 1:2 (U12) and 1:4 (U14). Based on the initial characterisation, only U12 was examined in an in vivo experiment with Santa Ines crossbred male sheep (n=40) initially weighing 28±0.6kg at 270 days of age. The experimental arrangement was a completely randomised design, and the animals were distributed into four treatments; i.e. four levels of inclusion (0, control; 15; 30; and 45g/kg DM) of microencapsulated urea in the diet.Key resultsThe dietary inclusion of microencapsulated urea was associated with linear increases (P≤0.05) in the intake of DM and metabolisable energy, the digestibility of crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates and fibre fractions, and N balance. Additionally, liveweight gain and feed efficiency increased quadratically (P<0.001). There were also linear reductions (P<0.001) in blood urea and urinary urea concentrations.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated that the inclusion of up to 30g/kg U12 microencapsulated urea can be recommended as a source of slow-release urea in sheep diets since it improved the performance and feed efficiency and promoted lower concentrations of blood urea and urinary urea.ImplicationsThe use of urea microencapsulated in carnauba wax can reduce the risk of urea toxicity and provide a safer way to supply NPN to ruminants and improve N utilisation.

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Urea as a substitute for soybean meal in growing lambs fed diets containing buffel grass hay

Silva

Santos

Ribeiro

et al. 2021

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Substitution of soybean meal for urea in diets based on deferred buffelgrass hay for feedlot sheep

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Goats fed with non-protein nitrogen: ruminal bacterial community and ruminal fermentation, intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance

Goats fed with non-protein nitrogen: ruminal bacterial community and ruminal fermentation, intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance

Lipid microspheres containing urea for slow release of non-protein N in ruminant diets

Urea as a substitute for soybean meal in growing lambs fed diets containing buffel grass hay

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