Mineral and centesimal contents, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial action of phenolic compounds from Eugenia Brasiliensis Lam. Pulp

Abstract

Phenolic compounds (PC) have presented antioxidant potential as well as antimicrobial action against several bacteria. This study aimed to extract PC from grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) pulp using solid phase extraction (SPE), then quantify the PC by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, and to evaluate the antioxidant activity (AA) from PC by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods as well as its antimicrobial activity by plate diffusion assay (PDA) and Minimal Onhibitory Concentration (MOC) assays. Additionally, the centesimal composition of the fruit and its mineral content by Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy were determined. The fruit is a good source of PC which presented a higher contribution on AA from pulp than NPHRC. Calcium was the trace element in highest concentration in the pulp, followed by iron. PC from grumixama inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa but not Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes in the PDA. PC showed antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms tested in the MOC assay, in which S. aureus and B. cereus were the most sensitive. This study highlights the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. as natural agent in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals.

In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 Bioactive Compounds and Determination of their Bioprotective Effects on Nutritional Components of Maize (Zea mays L.)

“…The assay was performed in triplicate. Antimicrobial activity was determined by following the formula below [ 58 ]:…”

“…Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (dissolved in 20 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 4) were used at the concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% ( w / v ) and 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% ( w / v ), respectively (FDA-approved values). The antifungal activity was determined as described previously in the agar well diffusion method [ 57 , 58 ] at 30 °C after 48 h of incubation.…”

“…The determined concentrations of organic acids by HPLC were evaluated separately for antifungal potential against Aspergillus flavus . The antifungal activity of individual organic acids and their synergistic effect were determined using the plate method at 30 °C for 48 h as described previously [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) cultivated in the Cerrado has high content of bioactive compounds and great antioxidant potential

“…It was found that the grumixama fruit from Goiás has a higher citric acid content (1.16 g/100g fresh weight) and lower pH (3.39) than those of the fruit from Rio de Janeiro (0.29 g/100g fresh weight; 4.34, respectively) (AGUIAR et al, 2016). Soluble solid content of grumixama from Goiás (2.85 °Brix) was higher than those of the fruits from São Paulo (1.35 °Brix) and Santa Catarina (1.35 °Brix) (TEIXEIRA et al, 2015), but lower than that of grumixama from Ouro Preto (5.00 °Brix) (ZOLA et al, 2019).…”

“…Grumixama from Goiás has a carbohydrate content and energy value comparable to those of the fruits from São Paulo, Santa Catarina (TEIXEIRA et al, 2015) and Ouro Preto (ZOLA et al, 2019). However, it contains the lowest moisture concentration, which could be explained by the lack of precipitation in the dry season, which typically ranges from May to October in the Cerrado region.…”