Rapid determination of cadmium residues in tomato leaves by Vis-NIR hyperspectral and Synergy interval PLS coupled Monte Carlo method

Abstract

Excessive heavy metal cadmium in tomatoes is harmful to human health. The detection of heavy metals in tomato leaves can determine whether the heavy metals in tomatoes exceed the standard. In order to quickly, non-destructively and efficiently detect whether heavy metals on the surface of tomato leaves exceed the standard, a new wavelength interval selection method called Synergy interval PLS couple with Monte Carlo method (MC-siPLS) was proposed. From the seedling stage, concentration of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 mg/L cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was used for irrigation under normal nutrient elements respectively. A total of 405 leaf samples were collected. Using the VIS-NIR hyperspectral instrument, the tomato leaves were set as the region of interest to obtain hyperspectral data, then used Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method to detect heavy metals in tomato leaves. In addition, 5 different PLS algorithm were used to compare with MC-siPLS. Furthermore, the best model was given by MC-siPLS with RMSEP = 0.5378, R 2 = 0.9870. The results show that MC-siPLS was better than similar wavelength interval selection methods, which had great application potential in the nondestructive detection of heavy metals in tomato leaves. This method maybe determines whether tomatoes contain excess cadmium early.

Application of Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Hyperspectral Imaging with Machine Learning for High-Throughput Plant Heavy Metal Stress Phenotyping: A Review

“…Furthermore, a recent study combined siPLS with the Monte Carlo method and proposed MC-siPLS, which was superior to similar wavelength interval selection methods. The optimal model had an RMSE of 0.5378 and an R 2 of 0.9870 [ 44 ].…”