Storing at −18°C, the surimi was processed from fresh grass carp, supplemented with pork backfat of 50, 100, or 150 g kg −1 (groups F 0 , F 50 , F 100 , and F 150 , respectively). The surimi was thawed and refrozen weekly afterward, with changes in surimi protein structure (primary structure, secondary structure, and tertiary structure), protein oxidation index (carbonyl and sulfhydryl), lipid oxidation index (TBARS), protein solubility, as well as surimi quality (texture characteristics and whiteness), were determined. The results showed that the texture characteristics of surimi increased after the first freezing and thawing (F-T) cycle and then decreased. The whiteness of the surimi decreased with the increase of F-T cycle times,