Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don: a review of its phytochemistry

Abstract

Polygonum capitatum (Polygonaceae) exists in rural areas of Southwest China and some other Asian countries. Its aerial part or whole herbal plant has been used as a Miao ethnomedicine against urinary system diseases, infections, pyelonephritis, diarrhea, and so on. The progress in phytochemical research on P. capitatum over the past decades is summarized. Two hundred and three chemical constituents that have been isolated and identified from this plant are included in this article, the chemical structures of which include aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ketones, aromatic aldehydes, aliphatic acids, glycerides, triterpenic acids, sterols, anthraquinones, chromones and their glycosides, flavonoids and their glycosides, phenols, phenolic acids and their esters, lignanoids, flavonolignans, phenolic glycosides, alcoholic glycosides, amino acids, nucleobases, amides, alkaloids, alkyl glycosides, volatile oils, and polysaccharides.

The genus Polygonum: An updated comprehensive review of its ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and phytopharmaceutical formulation

“… [ 11 ] P. capitatum China Aerial part – Treatment of diarrhea, infections, dysentery, rheumatalgia, urolithiasis, hematuria, urocystitis, pyelonephritis and urinary system. [ 12 ] P. cognatum Turkey Leaves Infusion Diuretic effect. Treatment of gastrointestinal and diabetes disorders.…”

“…P. hydropiper L decoction was used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat shoulder and neck pain, worm infestations, and snake bites [ 8 ]. Many other plants in the genus Polygonum have important traditional uses, including P. barbatum [ 9 ] , P. bellardii [ 10 ] , P. bistorta L [ 11 ] , P. capitatum [ 12 ] , P. cognatum [ 13 ] , P. equisetiforme [ 14 , 15 ] , P. flaccidum [ 16 ] , P. glabrum [ 17 ] , P. multiflorum Thunb [ [18] , [19] , [20] ] , P. orientale Linn [ 21 ], P. polystachyum [ 22 ] , P. plebeium [ 23 ], P. tortuosum, P. viviparum [ 22 ], and P. hyrcanicum [ 24 ]. Species belonging to the genus Polygonum showed biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, neuropharmacological, anticancer, antitumor, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, and gastroprotective [ 25 ].…”