Early and current physical activity: relationship with intima-media thickness and metabolic variables in adulthood

Abstract

Background: It is unclear whether early physical activity has a greater influence on intima-media thickness and metabolic variables than current physical activity. Objective:To analyze the relationship between current and early physical activity, metabolic variables, and intima-media thickness measures in adults. Method:The sample was composed of 55 healthy subjects of both sexes (33 men and 22 women). Total body fat and trunk fat were estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Carotid and femoral intima-media thickness were measured using a Doppler ultrasound device. A 12-hour fasting blood sample collection was taken (fasting glucose and lipid profile). Early physical activity was assessed through face-to-face interview, and the current physical activity was assessed by pedometer (Digi-Walker Yamax, SW200), which was used for a period of seven days. Results:Current physical activity was negatively related to total cholesterol (rho=-0.31), while early physical activity was negatively related to triglycerides (rho=-0.42), total cholesterol (rho=-0.28), very low density lipoprotein (rho=-0.44), and carotid intima-media thickness (rho=-0.50). In the multivariate model, subjects engaged in sports activities during early life had lower values of very low density lipoprotein (b=-8.74 [b=-16.1; -1.47]) and carotid intima-media thickness (b=-0.17 [95%CI: -0.28; -0.05]). Conclusion:Early 95%CI physical activity has a significant influence on carotid intima-media thickness, regardless of the current physical activity.

Physical inactivity of adults and 1-year health care expenditures in Brazil

“…These findings identify that PA promotion could affect health care expenditures by its effect in weight loss (e.g. through effect in inflammatory variables without weight loss) (Balducci et al 2010;Lima et al 2014) and, therefore, the expenditures saving could be higher in patients who become physically active and experienced weight loss (Williams et al 2014).…”

Sport participation in pediatric age affects modifications in diabetes markers in adulthood

“…During critical periods of human life, behavioral and environmental agents can induce epigenetic variations and thereby permanently affect metabolism, increasing the risk of development of diseases [23]. It is known that physical activity in early life promotes good health not only during childhood and adolescence, but also in the subsequent years (adulthood), and it happens because these two periods of life are characterized by higher sensitivity to epigenetic modifications [7,8,19,23]. In fact, sport participation during childhood and adolescence affects gene polymorphisms/expression, as well as DNA methylation in adulthood [12,24].…”

“…Early sport participation was analyzed using two questions [7,13,19]: (i) BOutside school, have you ever been engaged in any organized/supervised sport activities for at least 1 year from 7 to 10 years old?^and (ii) BOutside school, have you ever been engaged in any organized/supervised sport activities for at least 1 year from 11 to 17 years old?^Other physical activities such as dance (e.g., ballet) were also included. Participants were classified as persistently active (sport participation in both childhood and adolescence) or persistently sedentary (no sport participation in both childhood and adolescence).…”

Sports Practice and Bone Mass in Prepubertal Adolescents and Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Analysis

“…For adults, their history of sports was evaluated during a faceto-face interview comprised of two questions [15][16][17][18] : "Outside of school, while you were 7-10 years' old, did you engage in any Early sports practice and bone health organized/supervised sports for at least one-year?" (childhood) and "Outside of school, while you were 11-17 years' old, did you engage in any organized/supervised sports for at least oneyear?"…”