Prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis

Abstract

BackgroundCoexistence of obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia is defined as metabolic syndrome (MBS), which is among the important risk indicators for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and stroke. Smoking and alcohol consumption are the other factors which lead to an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, smoking and alcohol consumption in psoriasis patients and the relationship between disease severity and these factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 563 patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis, all of which completed a questionnaire and underwent a complete physical examination. Data about MBS components, psoriasis severity/duration, smoking and alcohol consumption, and cardiovascular diseases were recorded.ResultsA total of 563 patients with ages ranging from 18 to 78 years were evaluated. Metabolic syndrome was found in 12.6% of the patients [central obesity (38.7%), hypertension (14.3%), dyslipidemia (18.6%), diabetes (9.2%)], while 50.3% had smoking, and 3.3% had alcohol consumption. Patients with metabolic syndrome were older and more likely to have a longer disease duration than those without metabolic syndrome (p<0.05 for each). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in women than in men. Psoriasis was more severe in patients with central obesity, diabetes and smoking than in those without (p<0.05 for each).Study LimitationsRetrospective design.ConclusionsOur results indicate that MBS is a risk factor for psoriasis patients with advanced age. The relationship between disease severity and obesity, diabetes, and smoking in psoriasis patients indicates that the patients should be informed about the potential metabolic risks and receive therapies for behavioral changes besides anti-psoriatic treatment in order to minimize these risks.

Type 2 diabetes and psoriasis: links and risks

“…A total of 15 studies were descriptive epidemiological cohorts, which included only PsO patients. The studies included on average 2,695 patients (range: 82–11,900) from ten different countries (Brazil,5 Italy,6 France,7,8 Spain,9,10 Thailand,11 United Kingdom,12 Czech Republic,13 China,14 Turkey,15 and Romania16). Kwa et al17 (USA) who used population registry-based admissions as a proxy measure for PsO was excluded from the analysis.…”

“…The documented association with CV comorbidities may occur due to various factors such as the chronic inflammatory state of the disease, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors and/or related to the quality of life or effects of drugs used for systemic therapy. Thus, prevention of risk factors associated with CV disease, especially in patients with severe disease and long disease duration, is recommended 15,39. In addition, Gisondi et al6 stress the importance of how choice of treatment should be weighed against the benefit and risks for each patient to ensure optimal management of symptoms and minimize acute and cumulative toxicities.…”

Psorijaza – vidljivi ubojica

“…Upalni mehanizmi u psorijazi i u kardiovaskularnim bolestima pokazuju znatno preklapanje i ukazuju na njihovu izravnu povezanost. 13,16,17 . Etiologija razvoja metaboličkih poremećaja nije još u potpunosti razjašnjena, ali postoje dokazi da metaboličke promjene nisu isključivo posljedica dugotrajno aktivne kožne bolesti, već da i prethode prvoj pojavi bolesti 18 .…”

“…Promjene u metabolizmu lipida pojavljuju se u pacijenata sa psorijazom 1,5 puta češće nego u općoj populaciji 22 . Dislipidemija je prisutna u 19 % ovih pacijenata, ali nije povezana ni s trajanjem ni s te-žinom bolesti 17 . Dislipidemija se u pacijenata sa psorijazom očituje povišenim trigliceridima i značajno sniženim HDL-kolesterolom 23 .…”

Psoriasis and Metabolic Syndrome: Comorbidities and Environmental and Therapeutic Implications

“…Factors related to cardiovascular events, such as smoking, alcohol, and physical inactivity, are also prevalent among psoriatic patients. These could be potential causes of comorbidities [5,6]. PS, MS, hypertension, and aging share in common an increase in C-reactive protein (CRP), which may implicate an extra burden for increased cardiovascular risk [7].…”