Vibrio vulnificus infection in Southern Brazil - Case report

França, João César Beenke; Raboni, Sônia Mara; Sanfelice, Elise; Polido, Diego; Gentili, Arthur; Marques, Fabrício Machado

doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20131780

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…vulnificus infection are for the United States of America (USA) [ 2 , 5 – 8 ], human infections with V . vulnificus have also been reported in many other countries [ 9 – 16 ]. The most fatal consequence of V .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Genotypic Diversity and Population Structure of Vibrio vulnificus Strains Isolated in Taiwan and Korea as Determined by Multilocus Sequence Typing

Kim¹,

Cho²

2015

PLoS ONE

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The genetic diversity and population structure of Vibrio vulnificus isolates from Korea and Taiwan were investigated using PCR-based assays targeting putative virulence-related genes and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). BOX-PCR genomic fingerprinting identified 52 unique genotypes in 84 environmental and clinical V. vulnificus isolates. The majority (> 50%) of strains had pathogenic genotypes for all loci tested; moreover, many environmental strains had pathogenic genotypes. Although significant (p < 0.05) inter-relationships among the genotypes were observed, the association between genotype and strain source (environmental or clinical) was not significant, indicating that genotypic characteristics alone are not sufficient to predict the isolation source or the virulence of a given V. vulnificus strain and vice versa. MLST revealed 23–35 allelic types per locus analyzed, resulting in a total of 44 unique sequence types (STs). Two major monophyletic groups (lineages A and B) corresponding to the two known lineages of V. vulnificus were observed; lineage A had six STs that were exclusively environmental, whereas lineage B had STs from both environmental and clinical sources. Pathogenic and nonpathogenic genotypes predominated in MLST lineages B and A, respectively. In addition, V. vulnificus was shown to be in linkage disequilibrium (p < 0.05), although two different recombination tests (PHI and Sawyer’s tests) detected significant evidence of recombination. Tajima’s D test also indicated that V. vulnificus might be comprised of recently sub-divided lineages. These results suggested that the two lineages revealed by MLST correspond to two distinct ecotypes of V. vulnificus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Genotypic Diversity and Population Structure of Vibrio vulnificus Strains Isolated in Taiwan and Korea as Determined by Multilocus Sequence Typing

Kim¹,

Cho²

2015

PLoS ONE

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“…At the end of the treatment the patient recovered; however, in a related study conducted by França et al 6 the patient died in the first 30 hours of hospitalization and the culture result was available three days post-mortem.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…V. vulnificus is part of normal marine flora and reaches sufficient concentrations to cause clinical illness only in the warm months of the year. This pathogen was the second most common Vibrio species isolated from human cases in Florida and evidence suggests that infections with V. vulnificus have increased in the United States, particularly in the Gulf Coast, as well as in the waters of Hawaii, Utah, and Massachusetts [4][5][6] . Among the pathogenic Vibrio species, V. vulnificus is the most virulent, causing the most severe disease, presenting sepsis and wound infections, which rapidly progress and may become fatal 5,7 .…”

Section: Palavras-chave: Vibrio Vulnificus; Infecção; Imunocomprometimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increased virulence of vibrio in patients with iron overload can be explained by its ability to sequester iron from hemoglobin and 100% saturated transferrin. In cases of sepsis, mortality is higher than 50%, reaching 90% in cases where septic shock occurs less than 12 hours after the onset of symptoms 5,6 .…”

Section: Palavras-chave: Vibrio Vulnificus; Infecção; Imunocomprometimentioning

confidence: 99%

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First isolation of Vibrio vulnificus causing sepsis in Santa Catarina, Brazil

Batista¹,

Santos²,

Aquino³

et al. 2016

cbr

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Vibrio vulnificus is a bacterium present in natural marine environments that causes infections in immunocompromised people. Sepsis in humans caused by this microorganism is usually accompanied by bullous skin lesions. In the present study we report a case of infection caused by this bacterium affecting a diabetic man, 74 years old, who fell overboard and hurt his leg. The identification of the V. vulnificus was made in the blood culture sample. This is the first report of isolation of V. vulnificus in Santa Catarina, Brazil, showing the dissemination of this bacterium in warm seawater over the world. Keywords: Vibrio vulnificus; infection; immunocompromised; seawater RESUMOVibrio vulnificus é uma bactéria que se desenvolve em ambientes marinhos naturais e causa infecção em pessoas imunocomprometidas. Sepse em humanos causada por esse microrganismo é geralmente acompanhada por lesões bolhosas da pele. Relatamos um caso de infecção causada por esta bactéria que afetou um homem diabético, de 74 anos, que caiu ao mar e machucou a perna. A identificação do V. vulnificus foi feita na amostra de hemocultura. Este é o primeiro relato de isolamento de V. vulnificus em Santa Catarina, Brasil, elucidando a disseminação das bactérias de ambiente marítimo de água quente pelo mundo. Palavras-chave: Vibrio vulnificus; infecção; imunocomprometido; água do marVibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative bacillus from natural marine environments 1,2 . Although it is a rare cause of illness, this bacterium may cause sepsis, which is life-threatening in patients with chronic health conditions, in those immunocompromised, and even in healthy people. People affected are usually taken to emergency departments for treatment, because the infection quickly becomes severe. Rapid diagnosis and administration of appropriate antibiotics are mandatory, since death can occur in 1 or 2 days after exposure to the bacteria. The two main modes of infection by V. vulnificus bacteria are consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish, primarily oysters, and exposure of open wounds to seawater (while fishing, boating, wading, swimming, or handling raw seafood 2 . This is a halophilic microorganism whose growth is favored in waters with salinity from 0.7% to 1.6% and warm temperatures 2,3 , such as other potentially pathogenic halophilic vibrios. V. vulnificus is part of normal marine flora and reaches sufficient concentrations to cause clinical illness only in the warm months of the year. This pathogen was the second most common Vibrio species isolated from human cases in Florida and evidence suggests that infections with V. vulnificus have increased in the United States, particularly in the Gulf Coast, as well as in the waters of Hawaii, Utah, and Massachusetts [4][5][6] .

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“…Risk increases in patients with End stage renal disease, gastrointestinal disorders (surgery, achlorhydria), patients receiving parenteral Iron therapy and diabetes. 4,5 The organism has the ability to evade destruction in highly acidic environment such as stomach by enzyme mediated neutralization. It can penetrate the intestinal wall and enter into blood stream.…”

Section: P a T H O L O G I C A L Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio vulnificus - Expect the Unexpected

Appukuttan¹,

Krishnan²,

Shaji³

2020

jebmh

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Vibrio vulnificus belongs to the family of Vibrionaceae mostly found in warm coastal ecosystems where water temperature ranges from 9 to 31 degrees and salinity between 15 and 25 ppt as a part of its natural flora. Most cases of V. vulnificus infections are usually found in tropical or subtropical regions. Although infections are rare. V. vulnificus is responsible for most deaths caused by vibrios.

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Vibrio vulnificus infection in Southern Brazil - Case report

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Genotypic Diversity and Population Structure of Vibrio vulnificus Strains Isolated in Taiwan and Korea as Determined by Multilocus Sequence Typing

Genotypic Diversity and Population Structure of Vibrio vulnificus Strains Isolated in Taiwan and Korea as Determined by Multilocus Sequence Typing

First isolation of Vibrio vulnificus causing sepsis in Santa Catarina, Brazil

Vibrio vulnificus - Expect the Unexpected

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