Is there correlation between alveolar and systemic bone density?

Abstract

Bone density of the maxillary alveolar bone was significantly correlated with that of the femoral neck. Among the bone densities of the alveolar regions, only the anterior maxilla and the posterior mandible were significantly correlated. The findings suggested that bone densitometry might be individually and locally evaluated.

A Prospective, Controlled, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Clinical Outcome of Implant Treatment in Women with Osteoporosis/Osteopenia: 5-Year Results

“…With increasing age, a marked reduction of the thickness of the maxillary cortical bone is observed, together with increased porosity and constant functional remodeling of the trabecular part. Only the buccolingual area of cortical bone in front of the mental foramen remains unmodified, independent of sex, age, and tooth loss (Scheibel et al 2013). These findings might at least in part explain the influence of osteoporosis on the maxillary bone (Alghamdi and Jansen 2013).…”

Analysis of correlation between initial alveolar bone density and apical root resorption after 12 months of orthodontic treatment without extraction

“…In previous studies employing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), systemic BMD (lumbar spine and femur) was not correlated with maxillomandibular alveolar BMD. 14 , 25 However, Scheibel and Ramos 25 found a correlation between alveolar bone density in the region of upper incisors and neck of the femur using periapical radiography. Other studies have also found a correlation between systemic BMD and alveolar bone mass assessed by periapical radiography and expressed in mmEqAl.…”

“…25 This study and other investigations therefore suggest the specific densitometric evaluation of the region of interest. 30 , 31 Anterior alveolar regions of the maxilla and mandible have greater densitometric values in comparison to posterior regions, 14 , 31 , 32 which may be related to the greater occurrence of root resorption in upper incisors together with other factors such as root anatomy and orthodontic mechanics.…”

“…The radiographic film was processed manually using the time-temperature method. 14 Development time was determined after verifying the liquid temperature (2 minutes in developer with temperature between 20 and 26 o C). Intermediate washing was standardized at 30 seconds and fixing time was standardized at 10 minutes.…”

“…By means of the histogram tool provided by Photoshop CS3 software (Adobe System, California, USA), a trapezoidal region of interest was outlined in the alveolar bone process of the apical region of upper central incisors to estimate optical density expressed in grey level values ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white). 14 Each trapezoidal region of interest consisted of approximately 2000 pixels and was selected in such a way so as to avoid roots, lamina dura and nasal spine. The digital reading of each step was performed by selecting a rectangular trapezoidal region of interest of approximately 2500 pixels ( Fig 1 ).…”