Evaluation of transverse changes in the dental arches according to growth pattern: a longitudinal study

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in intercanine (LICW and UICW) and intermolar (LIMW and UIMW) widths on the dental arches of subjects with normal occlusion and Angle Class I malocclusion during the transition to permanent dentition, and evaluate whether or not facial pattern influences on the normal development of the dentition and occlusion. METHODS: Nineteen Caucasian Brazilian children were selected, with ages ranging from 6 to 8.6 years at T1 and from 10.10 to 14.2 years at T2. Their second records consisted of study dental casts and a lateral cephalometric radiograph. To obtain intermolar and intercanine widths a three-dimensional scanner unit (digitizer MicroScribe 3DX) was used connected to a microcomputer. To analyze changes at T1 and T2 Student's paired t-test was applied, whereas Spearman's correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between measurements obtained at T1 and T2 and the facial pattern, both at 95% level of confidence. RESULTS: The mean values found on each assessment time (T1 and T2) were statistically different (p=0.000 for LICW, p=0.001 for UICW, p=0.000 for UIMW, and p=0.046 for LIMW), regardless of the facial pattern. The anterior dimensions, UICW and LICW, increased by 3.21 mm and 1.52 mm, respectively. And the posterior dimensions, UIMW and LIMW, increased by 2.16 mm and 0.50 mm, respectively. Only UIMW showed a significant correlation with the facial pattern (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in dental arch width during the transition period from primary or mixed dentition to permanent dentition irrespective of facial pattern. Only the changes observed in the maxillary intermolar width were associated with the facial pattern

O gênero e a idade influenciam as dimensões do palato duro? Revisão sistemática da literatura

“…The longitudinal study of Ribeiro et al (21) found that the width values of the maxillary dental arch between the canines and first premolars in the age range of 10 to 14 years were significantly higher than those of children aged six to eight years. The difference between the two periods was equal to 3.21 mm in width between the canines and 2.16 mm in width between the first molars (21) .…”

“…Width between the 1st premolars: distance between the distal groove of the 1st premolar. Ribeiro et al (21) 1. Intercanine width: distance between canine cusps.…”

“…Permanent intermolar width: distance between the tips of the mesiobuccal cusps of the 1st permanent molars for all subsequent ages. with software (12)(13)(14)16,21,22,24,25,27) ; and in printed copies of the models, measurements were performed with a digital caliper (28) . Most of the reference points used for measurements used some anatomical point of the teeth (maxillary dental arch dimensions) while in only six studies (15,18,20,24,27,29) at least one measurement was based on some point in the gingival edge, which allowed hard palate dimensions to be determined.…”

“…The 18 studies included in this review were published between 1997 and 2016. Thirteen had a cross-sectional design (12)(13)(14)(15)17,19,20,(22)(23)(24)(25)27,28) , while five had a longitudinal design (16,18,21,26,29) . Eleven studies reported hard palate or maxillary dental arch dimensions according to gender (12)(13)(14)(15)17,20,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) , six according to age and gender (16,18,19,22,23,29) and only one study showed hard palate dimensions according to age range (21) (Table 2).…”

“…With respect to hard palate or maxillary dental arch dimensions according to age, most of the studies made only a descriptive analysis of the results (18,19,22) or an analytical statistical analysis for comparison between genders at different ages (16,23) . A statistical comparison between measurements at different ages was only made in two studies (21,29) .…”