The influence of asthma onset and severity on malocclusion prevalence in children and adolescents

Abstract

Objective: The influence of asthma, its severity levels and onset time on malocclusion occurrence were investigated. Methods: The sample was composed by 176 children/adolescents, of both genders, aged 3 to 15 years, that were divided in two groups. The asthma group (AG) enrolled 88 children/adolescents that were seen at the Breathe Londrina Program. The asthma-free group (AFG) enrolled 88 preschool and school children recruited in 2 public schools. Malocclusion diagnosis was made according to WHO criteria (OMS, 1999). Results: A higher prevalence in malocclusions in asthmatic patients in mixed dentition was observed when compared to controls (p<0.05). On the other hand, these results were not observed for deciduous (p>0.05) and permanent dentition (p>0.05). A significant association was seen between asthma onset time and marked maxillary overjet (p<0.05), and open bite (p<0.05) in the mixed dentition, being both conditions more common among those that have presented the symptoms of asthma prior to 12 months of age. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the early manifestation of asthma at first year of life can cause dentofacial changes. Therefore, the prompt diagnostic of the illness, as well as the establishment of a proper therapy could improve the symptoms and chronic complications of asthma and also reduce its impact on craniofacial development. AbstractKeywords: Asthma. Malocclusion. Child. Adolescent.

Assessment of the oral health status of asthmatic children

“…In addition, asthmatics usually develop mouth breathing habit owing to the frequent airway obstruction, especially during the episode of rhinitis or an acute asthmatic attack, which in turn would result in dehydration of the alveolar mucosa. [ 46 ] Furthermore, enhanced calcium level in the saliva of asthmatic children, as found in the present study, would favor more calculus deposition. [ 2 ] This increase in calcium level may be in response to beta-adrenergic bronchodilator drug such as the isoprenaline used as antiasthmatic drugs or may be even due to the pathological condition itself.…”

Relationship between Asthma, Malocclusion and Mouth Breathing in Primary Health Care Children

“…A direct relationship between malocclusion and asthma could not be established, corroborating with study findings with 176 children and adolescents between 3 and 15 years of age [20] but disagreeing with other investigations [5,21] that found more cases of crossed bites in asthmatic children and a relationship between asthma and anterior open bite in children [6]. Such findings, obtained from cross-sectional studies, reveal that there is no agreement in the dental literature regarding the relationship between the presence of malocclusion and asthma, its time of manifestation and the severity degree in the paediatric population [20].…”

Impact of Secretory Immunoglobulin A Level on Dental Caries Experience in Asthmatic Children

“…Therefore, the prompt diagnostic of the illness, as well as the establishment of a proper therapy could improve the symptoms and chronic complications of asthma and also reduce its adverse impact on craniofacial development. 5 The relationship between persistent bronchial asthma and dental caries incidence has been studied widely but with controversy results. However, a recent meta-analysis investigation has reported that caries incidence found almost doubled in asthmatic subjects both for primary and permanent dentition compared to that of the healthy control.…”